Hypocalcemic disorders

Bove-Fenderson, Erin; Mannstadt, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.beem.2018.05.006

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…При нормальном функционировании почек гипокальциемия, обусловленная дефицитом витамина D, в отличие от гипопаратиреоза, сопровождается гипофосфатемией и увеличенным почечным клиренсом фосфатов. Подобное увеличение клиренса фосфатов -прямое следствие компенсаторного (вторичного) гиперпаратиреоза (ВГПТ) вследствие гипокальциемической стимуляции секреции паратиреоидного гормона (ПТГ), экспрессии гена ПТГ и пролиферации клеток околощитовидных желез (ОЩЖ) [7]. Определение содержания фосфатов и ПТГ в сыворотке крови необходимо для дифференциальной диагностики подобных нарушений с гипопаратиреозом.…”

Section: остеомаляция связанная с дефицитом потребления витамина D иunclassified

Osteomalacia in practice of endocrinologist: etiology, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis with osteoporosis

Golounina¹,

Рунова²,

Fadeyev³

2020

Osteopor Bone Dis

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Osteoporosis is the most common cause of low bone mineral density (BMD) and low-traumatic fractures in adults. However, differential diagnosis should also consider other causes of decreased BMD, including osteomalacia, as treatment for these conditions vary significantly. Osteomalacia is a systemic disorder characterized by decrease in bone strength due to of excessive accumulation of non-mineralized osteoid and uncoupling between bone matrix formation and mineralization. Osteomalacia in adults mostly develops due to severe vitamin D deficiency of any etiology, less often along with kidney pathology, mesenchymal tumors secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 or hereditary metabolic bone diseases. Clinical symptoms of osteomalacia are nonspecific and mostly manifest by generalized diffuse bone pain, muscle weakness, skeletal deformities and often go unnoticed at initial stage of the disease. Histomorphometric examination is the most accurate method of the diagnosis, which allows assessment of bone formation rate and calcification. The utmost priority of the treatment of osteomalacia of any etiology is the elimination of vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia and prevention of bone deformities progression and muscle hypotension.

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Section: остеомаляция связанная с дефицитом потребления витамина D иunclassified

Osteomalacia in practice of endocrinologist: etiology, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis with osteoporosis

Golounina¹,

Рунова²,

Fadeyev³

2020

Osteopor Bone Dis

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“…Under normal circumstances, serum calcium is maintained at a concentration of 8.5–10.5 mg/dl. Even small fluctuations in calcium levels result in significant health consequences [ 38 ]. Several studies indicate cadmium-induced calcium homeostasis disruption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Antioxidant Activity of Calcium and Selected Oxidative Stress Markers in Lead- and Cadmium-Exposed Workers

Szlacheta¹,

Wąsik

Machoń-Grecka

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Occupational lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposure occurs during processing and casting of nonferrous metals such as zinc. In contrast to Pb and Cd, Ca is essential for living organisms due to its important role in a multitude of functions, from cell signaling to bone growth. Pb and Cd exposure affects calcium metabolism in various ways. The aim of this study was to investigate the blood levels of Pb, Cd, and Ca and the levels of selected oxidative stress biomarkers in workers exposed to Pb and Cd. Population groups included 264 male employees in a lead-zinc smelter. The study population was divided into two subgroups based on the median of Ca serum level (2.42 mmol/l): the low-Ca-level group (L-Ca group) and the high-Ca-level group (H-Ca group). Ca level was significantly higher in the H-Ca group than in the L-Ca group due to the study design (by 26%). The level of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) was significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group by 13%, while the blood lead levels (PbB) were similar in the examined groups. The level of cadmium (CdB) was significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group by 33%. From oxidative stress markers in serum, only the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (CER) were significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group, by 12% and 4%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed negative correlations between Ca level and the levels of PbB, ZPP, CdB, and MDA. The presented results indicate that Ca level modulates the serum concentration of Cd and has an impact on Pb-induced impairment of heme synthesis. The higher Ca levels may lead to a decrease in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products. Moreover, serum calcium level seems to be able to modify the level of acute-phase proteins. Obtained results suggest that higher Ca level may be useful in reducing Cd level in occupationally exposed workers.

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“…Besides milder symptoms, hypocalcaemia might also cause seizures [28]. Hypocalcaemia was more common in patients with SAO, but failed to be an independent predictor.…”

Section: Predictors Of Saomentioning

confidence: 92%

Seizures at the onset of aneurysmal SAH: epiphenomenon or valuable predictor?

et al. 2020

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Objective Seizures at the onset (SAO) of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) occur in up to one of every five cases. To date, there is no consensus on causal background and clinical value of these early bleeding-related seizures. This study aimed to analyze the predictors and the impact of SAO in aSAH. Methods All aSAH patients from the institutional observational cohort (01/2003-06/2016) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' charts and emergency protocols from first responders were screened for the occurrence of seizures in the first 24 h after aSAH. Patients' baseline characteristics and occurrence of post-hemorrhagic complications were analyzed. Outcome endpoints included in-hospital mortality and poor outcome at 6-month follow-up (modified Rankin Scale > 3). Results Of 984 patients included in the final analysis, SAO occurred in 93 cases (9.5%) and were independently associated with younger age (< 51 years, p < 0.001), WFNS grade ≥ 4 (p < 0.001), aneurysm characteristics (location at the proximal branch of the anterior cerebral artery [p = 0.037] and irregular sac [p = 0.019]) and admission body temperature > 38.3 ℃ (p = 0.008). There was an association between SAO and early complications (early infarcts [p = 0.004] and primary decompressive craniectomy [p = 0.024]). Only in the subgroup analysis restricted to the younger individuals, SAO independently predicted poor outcome of aSAH (p = 0.002). Significance Onset seizures following aSAH are rare and most likely related to the severity of early brain injury. Particularly, younger individuals are not only at higher risk for SAO, but are also prone to poor outcome in case of aSAH accompanied with SAO. Trial registration number German clinical trial registry (DRKS, unique identifier: DRKS00008749, 06/09/2015

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Hypocalcemic disorders

Cited by 54 publications

References 163 publications

Osteomalacia in practice of endocrinologist: etiology, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis with osteoporosis

Osteomalacia in practice of endocrinologist: etiology, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis with osteoporosis

Potential Antioxidant Activity of Calcium and Selected Oxidative Stress Markers in Lead- and Cadmium-Exposed Workers

Seizures at the onset of aneurysmal SAH: epiphenomenon or valuable predictor?

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