Hypocaloric Diet and Regular Moderate Aerobic Exercise Is an Effective Strategy to Reduce Anthropometric Parameters and Oxidative Stress in Obese Patients

Abstract

Background: Studies show that diet and exercise are important in the treatment of obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether additional regular moderate aerobic exercise during a treatment with hypocaloric diet has a beneficial effect on oxidative stress and molecular damage in the obese patient. Methods: Oxidative stress of 16 normal-weight (NW) and 32 obese 1 (O1) subjects (BMI 30–34.9 kg/m²) were established by biomarkers of oxidative stress in plasma. Recombinant human insulin was incubated with blood from NW or O1 subjects, and the molecular damage to the hormone was analyzed. Two groups of treatment, hypocaloric diet (HD) and hypocaloric diet plus regular moderate aerobic exercise (HDMAE), were formed, and their effects in obese subjects were analyzed. Results: The data showed the presence of oxidative stress in O1 subjects. Molecular damage and polymerization of insulin was observed more frequently in the blood from O1 subjects. The treatment of O1 subjects with HD decreased the anthropometric parameters as well as oxidative stress and molecular damage, which was more effectively prevented by the treatment with HDMAE. Conclusion: HD and HDMAE treatments decreased anthropometric parameters, oxidative stress, and molecular damage in O1 subjects.

The Janus Head of Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Diseases and During Physical Exercise

“…In a similar 12-week intervention study, combined aerobic exercise and hypocaloric diet is more effective to decrease oxidative stress and improve serum antioxidant capacity than hypocaloric diet alone [89]. On the other hand, obese women feature reduction in markers of lipid peroxidation upon aerobic exercising plus caloric restriction or caloric restriction alone, but only in those individuals increasing their maximal oxygen uptake upon exercising alone [90].…”

Effects of Intentional Weight Loss on Markers of Oxidative Stress, DNA Repair and Telomere Length - a Systematic Review

“…We identified 15 studies investigating the effect of weight loss interventions (diet- and/or exercise-, and surgery-induced) on individuals' oxidative stress level (table 1): 6 RCTs and 9 non-randomized intervention studies (n = 5 diet, n = 6 diet and/or exercise interventions, and n = 3 bariatric surgery interventions) [35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]. All studies measured oxidative stress markers in blood samples (plasma or serum, e.g., enzyme activities, 8-isoprostane, 8-oxo-dG; for details see table 1) [35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48].…”

“…All studies measured oxidative stress markers in blood samples (plasma or serum, e.g., enzyme activities, 8-isoprostane, 8-oxo-dG; for details see table 1) [35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]. …”

“…Gutierrez-Lopez et al [37] recruited 16 normal-weight and 32 obese subjects (BMI 30-34.9 kg/m 2 ) into a non-randomized intervention study testing the effects of a hypocaloric diet and hypocaloric diet plus regular moderate aerobic exercise intervention on oxidative stress. At baseline, obese study participants had greater oxidative stress markers as well as increased molecular damage and polymerization of insulin.…”

“…The hypocaloric diet intervention resulted in reduced oxidative stress and decreased molecular damage. The oxidative stress levels improved even more with the combined diet and exercise intervention [37]. …”