Hypocholesterolemic and Anticarcinogenic Effect ofVicia fabaProtein Hydrolyzates

Abstract

In recent years, the consumption of vegetal-source proteins has been studied to determine their preventing effect on the development of several chronic diseases. The initial purpose of this report was to determine the effect of a hypercholesterolemic diet (HCD) given to mice, alone or with azoxymethane (AOM), on various obesity biochemical biomarkers, as well as on the induction of colon aberrant crypts (aberrant crypt foci; ACF). At the end of the 5-week assay, animals fed the HCD showed alterations in the level of total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins, and in the Atherogenic Index; besides, a significant elevation was observed in the number of ACF. Our second aim was to examine the effect of a Faba Protein Hydrolyzate (FPH) on mice fed the HCD. We first obtained protein hydrolyzates from the seeds of Vicia faba, determined the in vitro antioxidant potential with two tests, and, subsequently, evaluated the effect on obesity biomarkers and on the number of ACF. In the first case, we found that, generally, the best protective effect was obtained with the low dose of FPH (10 mg/kg) administered to animals fed the HCD, and injected AOM. With respect to the number of ACF, we observed that this dose was more effective, inhibiting such lesions to almost the level determined for the normocholesterolemic diet (NCD). Therefore, our results demonstrated the relevance of a HCD to develop anomalies in obesity biomarkers in mouse, as well as to increase the number of precarcinogenic lesions. Our results also showed a protective response with the administration of FPH, particularly with a specific dose, suggesting the need for extending research on the matter by widening the spectra of doses, in order to clearly define its potential to counteract the damage induced by the HCD, as well as to confirm if antioxidation in mice was involved in such an effect.

Antioxidant properties of ultrafiltration membrane fractions obtained from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) proteins hydrolysates

“…Cette différence entre les deux cinétiques d'hydrolyse pourrait s'expliquer par plusieurs mécanismes, notamment, la spécificité des enzymes vis-à-vis du substrat, l'épuisement des sites accessibles pour l'enzyme, la dénaturation des enzymes et/ou leur inhibition par les produits de l'hydrolyse *17+. Néanmoins, les deux courbes restent typiques aux profils d'hydrolyse des protéines de légumineuses ou celles d'autres végétaux [7,18,19]. Afin de confirmer l'étendue de l'hydrolyse des protéines, une électrophorèse de l'isolat et des hydrolysats de fenugrec, dans des conditions dénaturantes, a été réalisée.…”

Functional and nutraceutical legumes marketed in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

“…Hipocolesterolémico, hepatoprotector, antiinflamatorio, antioxidante, anticáncer, antimicrobiano, antiviral, cardioprotector, neuroprotector, hipotensor, diurético, antinefrítico (Vered et al, 1997;Randhir & Shetty, 2004;Peyvast & Khorsandi, 2007;Fang et al, 2011;Lim, 2012;Boudjou et al, 2013;León-Espinosa et al, 2016). Hurrell et al, 2009Hurrell et al, , 2011.…”

Bioactive Peptides from Legumes as Anticancer Therapeutic Agents

“…Faba proteins mainly consist of globulins and represent 24-32% of the faba bean weight. Leon-Espinosa, et al [13] demonstrated the hypocholesterolemic and anti-carcinogenic effect of fava bean protein hydrolysates in a colon cancer mice model. Other faba proteins as favin, a Bowman-Birk type trypsin inhibitor (VFT1-G1), and other peptidic protease inhibitors, have been described to possess anti-proliferative activity toward HepG2 hepatoma cells by inducing chromatin condensation and cell apoptosis [43,44].…”

“…To assess if BPs are produced naturally during gastrointestinal digestion, in vitro digestions are commonly carried out with proteases (pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin). Researchers have also performed enzymatic hydrolysis with microbial or plant enzymes, such as alcalase, flavourzyme, papain and bromelain, to obtain bioactive sequences [6,[11][12][13][14][15].…”