Hypoglycemia in a dog with a leiomyoma of the gastric wall producing an insulin-like growth factor II-like peptide

Abstract

A 12-year-old mixed-breed male dog was referred to the Clinica Medica Veterinaria of Bologna University for recurrent episodes of seizures due to hypoglycemia with abnormally low plasma insulin levels (18 pmol/l). Resection of a large leiomyoma (780 g) of the gastric wall resulted in a permanent resolution of the hypoglycemic episodes. Insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and -II) were measured by RIA in serum before and after surgery and in tumor tissue. Results were compared to the serum concentration of 54 normal and to the tissue concentration observed in eight non-hypoglycemic dog gastric wall extracts. Before surgery, circulating immunoreactive IGF-I was 0.92 nmol/l, which is significantly lower than the control values (16.92 +/- 8.44 nmol/l, range 3.53-35.03), while IGF-II was 152 nmol/l, which is significantly higher than the control values (42.21 +/- 3.75, range 31.99-50.74). After surgery, IGF-I increased to 6.80 nmol/l while IGF-II decreased to 45.52 nmol/l. Tumor tissue IGF-II concentration was higher than normal (5.66 nmol/kg tissue as compared to a range in normal gastric wall tissue of 1.14-3.72 nmol/kg), while IGF-I was 0.08 nmol/kg tissue, which is close to the lowest normal value (range in controls, 0.08-1.18 nmol/kg). Partial characterization of IGF-II immunoreactivity extracted from tissue evidenced a molecular weight similar to that of mature IGF-II, thus excluding that peptide released by the tumor is a precursor molecule.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Hypoglycaemia as a Paraneoplastic Syndrome Associated with Renal Adenocarcinoma in a Dog

“…A recent report in veterinary medicine describes a correlation between IGF-II level, persistent hypoglycaemia and generalized seizures in a dog with a gastric leiomyoma. After the surgical removal of the tumour, normal serum concentrations of both IGF-II and glucose were found, and neurological signs disappeared (Boari et al, 1995).…”

“…In this case, therapy with intravenous 5% glucose infusion and glucocorticoids that improve glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis permitted complete control of the clinical signs. Survival times are excellent in dogs treated surgically when a benign tumour is present: blood glucose concentration rapidly returns to normal after complete resection of smooth-muscle tumours and a favourable long-term prognosis is described (Beaudry et al, 1995;Boari et al, 1995) in the absence of metastasis.…”

Paraneoplastic Hypoglycemia Due to an Insulin‐Like Growth Factor Type‐II Secreting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Dog

“…However, in the dog so far the etiologic role of IGF-II in NICTH has been demonstrated in only 1 animal with a gastric leiomyoma. 1 In that report, both augmented circulating IGF-II and expression of IGF-II mRNA in the tumor were reported.…”

“…1 After removal of the binding proteins by acid-ethanol extraction, hormone concentration was assessed by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) with reagents provided by DSL.…”

Diabetes Mellitus after Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hypoglycemia in a Dog

“…Particularly, this type of hypoglycemia has been associated recently with hypersecretion of insulinlike growth factor II (IGF-II) synthesized in the liver of humans and dogs [4,11]. In a report that measured the serum IGF-I and II in a dog with hypoglycemia and a leiomyoma, IGF-I was significantly low while IGF-II was significantly high [4].…”