Hypoglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Struchium sparganophora leaves in alloxan-induced oxidative stress-mediated diabetes in rats

Abstract

Background Diabetes mellitus is clinically underlined by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. In view of this, the current study assessed the glycemic and lipidemic control potentials of methanol extract of Sruchium sparganophora leaves (SPA) in the alloxan-induced diabetic model using male Wistar rats. Experimental diabetes was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg freshly prepared alloxan. Thirty-six rats were randomly assigned into six groups of normoglycemic control, untreated diabetic group, and diabetic treated with (i) metformin (12 mg), (ii) metformin 12 mg + SPA 300 mg/kg, (iii) SPA 300 mg/kg, and (iv) SPA 600 mg/kg per os twice at 9.00 and 18.00 h daily for 10 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and markers of dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress markers were determined. Results SPA at selected doses decreased fasting blood glucose which was significantly (p < 0.05) raised by alloxan. Increase in plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and decrease in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration (p < 0.05) caused by alloxan were significantly moderated by SPA at selected doses. Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities reduced by alloxan (p < 0.05) in both the liver and pancreas were reversed by SPA 300 and 600, and its combination with metformin. Decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in alloxan diabetic rats was also reversed by the extract, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) exacerbated by alloxan (p < 0.05) in the tissues was decreased by the extracts. Conclusion Struchium sparganophora possesses considerable antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant potentials without compromising organ functionality.

Blood pressure lowering, antidyslipidemic and nitric oxide modulatory effects of methanol extract of struchium sparganophora leaves on dexamethasone-salt model of hypertension in rats

“…It is a branched and fibrous water plant that is consumed as a leafy vegetable in soups among the occupants of the rural areas of Nigeria. The nutritive, phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antimalarial properties of the leaves have been reported [8][9][10].…”

Comparative Hepatoprotective Activity of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Solvent Extracts in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…The consumption of vegetablerich diets provides dietary fiber, phenolic antioxidants, and low calories important in combating diabetes mellitus and obesity. 41 The contrast in body weight changes with that reported in the work of Pupim et al, 40 may be linked to differences in the duration of the study. Earlier studies reported that hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia characterized alloxan-induced diabetes in rats.…”

Acute Toxicity Studies and In Vivo Antioxidant Potential of Annona muricata Leaf in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Oxidative stress is a major contributor to several pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, aging, atherosclerosis, etc. 2,3,4,5,6 It develops when ROS levels overwhelm endogenous antioxidant defense. Increased evidence from research investigations implicates oxidative stress as a significant pathogenic index for diabetes mellitus.…”