Hypopharyngeal Acid Exposure: An Independent Risk Factor for Laryngeal Cancer?

Geterud, A; Bove, Mogens; Ruth, Magnus

doi:10.1097/00005537-200312000-00030

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A number of authors have identified a link between these diseases [7,11,30,31]; however, others have not [5,9,32,33]. Furthermore, due to small sample sizes and methodological limitations, the validity of many studies has been called into question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid reflux and head and neck cancer risk: A nationwide registry over 13 years

Kuo¹,

Chen²,

Shiao³

et al. 2015

Auris Nasus Larynx

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid reflux and head and neck cancer risk: A nationwide registry over 13 years

Kuo¹,

Chen²,

Shiao³

et al. 2015

Auris Nasus Larynx

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“…At the same time, the current literature lacks consistency and clarity, since many of these studies were based on small number of cases (23, 24, 26, 32, 36, 38), did not adjust for potential confounding (23, 24, 26, 35, 38), or were cross-sectional in nature (23, 24, 26, 35, 38). However, the two case-control studies that examined medical history of GERD based on medical record review did not suffer from these issues and corroborate our findings with estimates in line with our own, with respective odds ratio estimates of 1.79 and 2.31 [19,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of GERD is estimated at 10%–20% in Western populations (20), with risk factors that include male gender, obesity, smoking and diet (18, 21). Reflux of gastric acid, a major risk factor for esophageal cancer (22), can reach beyond the esophagus into the laryngopharynx (known as laryngopharyngeal reflux) as demonstrated by 24-hour pH monitoring probes (23–26). Although reflux has primarily been implicated in esophageal adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous epithelium typically undergoes intestinal metaplasia in response to chronic exposure to gastric acid, which in turn develops into adenocarcinoma (27), whereas such a metaplastic transformation is not commonplace in the pharynx or larynx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric Reflux Is an Independent Risk Factor for Laryngopharyngeal Carcinoma

Langevin

Michaud

Marsit

et al. 2013

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background Gastric reflux can reach into the upper airway, inducing cellular damage in the epithelial lining. This condition is believed to be a risk factor for development of laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LPSCC), although the literature is conflicting. Methods To better clarify this relationship, we assessed the association of self-reported heartburn history and medication use among 631 LPSCC patients and 1234 control subjects (frequency-matched on age, gender and town of residence) enrolled as part of a population-based case-control study of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the greater Boston area. Results After adjusting for age, gender, race, smoking, alcohol consumption, HPV16 seropositivity, education and body mass index, subjects reporting a history of frequent heartburn and who were neither a heavy smoker nor heavy drinker had a significantly elevated risk of LPSCC (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.00–3.16). Among those with a history of heartburn, there was an inverse association between antacid use and LPSCC relative to those never taking heartburn medication (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38–0.93) that remained consistent when analyzed by smoking/drinking status, HPV16 status, or by primary tumor site. Conclusions Our data show that gastric reflux is an independent risk factor for squamous cancers of the pharynx and larynx. Further studies are needed to clarify the possible chemopreventive role of antacid use for patients with gastric reflux. Impact Elucidation of additional risk factors for head and neck cancer can allow for risk stratification and inform surveillance of high-risk patients.

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“…However, the difference in prevalence rates between LPR and GER in laryngeal cancer are significant in certain studies but not in others. Some studies reported that GER occurred in 25-67% of laryngeal cancer patients and the incidence was higher in the laryngeal cancer group compared with the control group (5). Copper et al (18) reported a 62% occurrence rate of LPR and 67% occurrence rate of pathologic GER in laryngeal and pharyngeal cancer patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the mid-80's, a high frequency of acid reflux has been reported in laryngeal cancer patients who do not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes, and this had lead to an increased interest in the relationship between laryngeal cancer and acid reflux (4). Also, it is well known that gastroesophageal reflux (GER) plays a role in the development of cancer of the lower esophagus, suggesting that laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) may also play a role in the development of laryngeal cancer (5-7). However, there is still a great deal of controversy surrounding the significance and role of LPR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux as a Risk Factor in Laryngeal Cancer: A Preliminary Report

Tae

Jin

et al. 2011

Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the significance of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) as a risk factor in laryngeal cancer.MethodsWe performed a case-control study with 29 consecutive laryngeal cancer patients who had undergone 24-hour ambulatory double pH monitoring from 2003 to 2006. The control group included 300 patients who had undergone 24-hour ambulatory double pH monitoring due to LPR-related symptoms. We analyzed the prevalence of LPR and numerous parameters from the 24-hour ambulatory double pH monitoring in the laryngeal cancer patient and control groups. Pathologic LPR is defined when more than three episodes of LPR occur in 24 hours.ResultsThe prevalence of pathologic LPR was significantly higher in the laryngeal cancer group than the control group (P=0.049). The reflux number of the upper probe was significantly higher in the laryngeal cancer group (P<0.001). However the effects of pathologic LPR on laryngeal cancer risk were diluted after adjusting for smoking and alcohol consumption in the multivariable logistic regression.ConclusionThe pathologic LPR might be a possible risk factor in the development of laryngeal cancer. A further study should be necessary to verify the exact role of LPR in laryngeal cancer.

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Hypopharyngeal Acid Exposure: An Independent Risk Factor for Laryngeal Cancer?

Abstract: The present results do not support gastroesophago-hypopharyngeal reflux as being an independent risk factor for laryngeal cancer.

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Acid reflux and head and neck cancer risk: A nationwide registry over 13 years

Acid reflux and head and neck cancer risk: A nationwide registry over 13 years

Gastric Reflux Is an Independent Risk Factor for Laryngopharyngeal Carcinoma

The Role of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux as a Risk Factor in Laryngeal Cancer: A Preliminary Report

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