Hypophysectomy prevents yawning and penile erection but not hypomotility induced by apomorphine

Serra, Gino; Collu, Maria; Loddo, S.; Celasco, G.; Gessa, Gian Luigi

doi:10.1016/0091-3057(83)90390-8

Cited by 57 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although the prevention was not complete, suggesting that central mechanisms mediating penile erection and yawning are still operative, this finding is in line with previous observations showing that intact pituitary function is critical for the induction of the above behaviourai responses by oxytocin and other agents as well. Indeed, hypophysectomy has been found to strongiy reduce peniie erection and yawning induced by either the DA-agonist apomorphine (see Serra et al 1983) or ACTH i-24 (Serra et al i987). Moreover, the testosterone reversal of the effect of hypophysectomy on penile erection suggests that this hormone, released from the testis by the pituitary luteinizi~g hormone (LH), also has a permissive role in the expression of this behavioural response.…”

Section: Discussio~mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Accordingly, the PVN has been found to be the most sensitive brain area for the induction of these behavioural responses by oxytocin (Melts et al 1986), and electrolytic lesions of this nucleus caused a marked decrease in the number of yawning and penile erection episodes induced by oxytocin (Argiolas et al 1987b). In male rats yawning and penile erection can also be induced by the systemic administration of low doses of dopamine (DA) agonists (see Serra et al 1983) and by the ICV injection of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and related peptides (see Bertolini and Gessa 1981). Recent experimental evidence from our laboratory suggested that 1) DA agonists induce yawning and penile erection by releasing oxytocin in the central nervous system, possibly in the PVN (Argiolas et al 1987b, c;Melts et al 1987); 2) DA agonists do not induce their effect by releasing an ACTH-derived peptide in the hypothalamus (Argiolas et al 1987a), and 3) the hypophysis is necessary for the induction of yawning and penile erection by DA agonists and ACTH-derived pepfides (Serra et al 1983(Serra et al , 1987.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In male rats yawning and penile erection can also be induced by the systemic administration of low doses of dopamine (DA) agonists (see Serra et al 1983) and by the ICV injection of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and related peptides (see Bertolini and Gessa 1981). Recent experimental evidence from our laboratory suggested that 1) DA agonists induce yawning and penile erection by releasing oxytocin in the central nervous system, possibly in the PVN (Argiolas et al 1987b, c;Melts et al 1987); 2) DA agonists do not induce their effect by releasing an ACTH-derived peptide in the hypothalamus (Argiolas et al 1987a), and 3) the hypophysis is necessary for the induction of yawning and penile erection by DA agonists and ACTH-derived pepfides (Serra et al 1983(Serra et al , 1987. In order to verify if oxytocin induced the above behavioural responses by releasing an ACTH-derived peptide in the hypothalamus, and if the pituitary is necessary for the expression of yawning and penile erection induced by oxytocin, we have studied the effect of ICV injection of oxytocin on yawning and penile erection in hypophysectomized rats and in rats neonatally treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG), a treatment that induces almost complete depletion of ACTH-Iike peptides in the hypotha!amus (Eskay eta!.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocin-induced penile erection and yawning in male rats: effect of neonatal monosodium glutamate and hypophysectomy

et al. 1989

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Penile erection and yawning induced by the intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of oxytocin (10-1000 ng) was studied in hypophysectomized rats and in rats neonatally treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG), a treatment that depletes hypothalamic opiomelanocorticotropin-derived peptides without altering their pituitary and circulating concentration. Oxytocin effect was strongly reduced by hypophysectomy, but not by neonatal MSG. Testosterone replacement (50 micrograms/kg/day for 23 days) partially reversed the effect of hypophysectomy on penile erection, but not on yawning. The present results suggest that oxytocin does not induce penile erection and yawning by releasing an ACTH-derived peptide from hypothalamic opiomelanotropinergic neurons, and that the pituitary gland exerts a permissive role on the expression of the above behavioural responses induced by oxytocin.

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Section: Discussio~mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocin-induced penile erection and yawning in male rats: effect of neonatal monosodium glutamate and hypophysectomy

et al. 1989

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“…Pal"mi les produits inhibiteurs on compte : les antagonistes dopaminergiques ?~ action centrale comme la mdtoclopramide [58], l'haloptridol, le sulpiride et l'6ticlopride [79,104], les agonistes du sous-type 5HTIA des rtcepteurs strotoninergiques (pindolol, buspirone, 8-OHDPAT, (+)S-20499 [80,122], la neurotensine [101], la morphine [13,95], la scopolamine, antagoniste muscarinique [80], la cysttamine, un produit qui dtpl~te les stocks de somatostatine centrale [83], la cycloheximide, un, produit qui inhibe la synth~se des protdines [120], enfin les agonistes des soustypes A (muscimol) et B (baclofen) des rdcepteurs GABAergiques [140]. Les effets protrectiles de l'apomorphine sont 6galement abolis apr~s hypophysectomie [121], 16sion du noyau paraventriculaire [5], du septum mtdian, de la fimbria et du fornix [79,89], apr~s injection intractrtbroventriculaire d'antagonistes de l'ocytocine [88] …”

Section: Dopamine Apomorphine I~rection Et I~mission Si~minaleunclassified

Apomorphine, systèmes dopaminergiques centraux et contrôle de l’érection

Rampin

2002

Androl.

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Au cours des dernieres ann~es, les nombreuses donnees fondamentales ~lucidant les mecanismes Iocaux de I'~rection ont permis de proposer des traitements des dysfonctions ~rectiles par des m~dicaments a action p~ripherique. Ces produits permettent soit de provoquer une erection, ils sont alors efficaces seuls, soit de potentialiser une ~rec-tion.Dans un environnement sexuellement stimulant, I'~rection est provoquee par une modification de I'equilibre des effets antierectiles du syst~me sympathique et des effets pro~rectiles du syst~me parasympathique. Les voies sympathiques et parasympathiques naissent de la moelle ~pini~re. Le syst~-me nerveux central agit sur la moelle (~pini~re pour contr61er et modifier cet equilibre sympathiqueparasympathique. La dopamine est un neurom~dia-teur du syst~me nerveux central agissant sur le comportement sexuel et sur les noyaux centaux contr61ant le tractus g~nital chez le m&le. Les taux de dopamine augmentent dans plusieurs noyaux centraux (amygdale, aire preoptique mediane) pendant I'activit~ sexuelle chez le rat. Les agonistes dopaminergiques a action centrale comme I'apomorphine (agoniste DI/D2) provoquent I'~rection chez I'homme, le singe et le rat. Chez le rat, les effets proerectiles de I'apomorphine sont dus ~ sa fixation sur des recepteurs de type D2 dans le noyau paraventriculaire de I'hypothalamus (PVN), et seraient regul(~s par la testosterone. Des investigations cliniques r~centes ont mis en avant les avantages de I'utilisation de I'apomorphine pour traiter les patients souffrant de dysfonctions ~rec-tiles. Une molecule a action centrale comme I'apomorphine pourrait r~organiser I'~quilibre sympathique-parasympathique, conduisant & un recrutement adapte des voies nerveuses vers le p~nis. Mots-cl#,s : apomorphine, dopamine, erection, ejaculation, dysfonction 6rectile, c o m p o r t e m e n t sexuel.

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“…Serra et al [10] were the first to describe penile erection following parenteral administration of apomorphine. Lal et al [11,12] demonstrated penile tumescence in healthy and impotent men.…”

Section: Chemistry and Pharmacology Of Apomorphinementioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction with Apomorphine SL

Altwein¹,

Keuler²

2001

Urol Int

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Apomorphine SL (Ixense® , Uprima®) is a new oral medication shown to be effective in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. This compound is a dopaminergic agonist with affinity for dopamine receptor sites – mostly D₂ – within the brain known to be involved in sexual function. Apomorphine induces selective activation in the nucleus paraventricularis leading to erectogenic signals. More than 5,000 men with erectile dysfunction participated in phase II/III clinical trials assessing the safety and efficacy of doses ranging from 2 to 6 mg. The most favorable risk/benefit ratio is seen with a dose-optimization regimen of 2–3 mg: the 3-mg dose provides efficacy comparable to that of 4 mg but with fewer side effects. Consequently, review of clinical studies focuses on data with the 2- to 3-mg dose, the registered dose for use in clinical practice. The primary efficacy endpoint in most clinical trials with apomorphine SL was the percentage of attempts resulting in erections firm enough for intercourse – one of the most rigorous endpoints used in ED trials to date. These data were collected from both patients and their partners by reviewing entries in patient diaries and partner BSFI questionnaires. Secondaryendpoints included percentage of attempts resulting in intercourse and improvement in ED severity based on the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The proportion of attempts resulting in erections firm enough for intercourse was 49.4% with 3 mg compared with the baseline value of 24.3%. Partner evaluations corresponded with those of the patients. Erections occurred between 18 and 19 min after taking apomorphine SL 2 or 3 mg. The most common side effect was nausea which declined with continued use. Vasovagal syncope was reported in ≪0.2% of men, and was preceded by clear prodromal symptoms. Thus, apomorphine SL is an effective, well-tolerated drug for erectile dysfunction.

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Hypophysectomy prevents yawning and penile erection but not hypomotility induced by apomorphine

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

Oxytocin-induced penile erection and yawning in male rats: effect of neonatal monosodium glutamate and hypophysectomy

Oxytocin-induced penile erection and yawning in male rats: effect of neonatal monosodium glutamate and hypophysectomy

Apomorphine, systèmes dopaminergiques centraux et contrôle de l’érection

Oral Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction with Apomorphine SL

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