Hyposmia Is Associated with Reduced Cognitive Function in COVID-19: First Preliminary Results

Pirker-Kees, Agnes; Platho-Elwischger, Kirsten; Häfner, Sebastian; Redlich, Kurt; Baumgartner, Christoph

doi:10.1159/000515575

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Dysgeusia and hyposmia have been proposed as possible hallmarks of SARS-CoV-2 cerebral spreading and have been associated with the development of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 [ 16 , 34 , 35 ]. Accordingly, we investigated cognitive and EEG changes over time in the two subgroups of patients with or without both dysgeusia and hyposmia during the acute phase of COVID-19 (socio-demographic and clinical variables are reported in Table e-4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive, EEG, and MRI features of COVID-19 survivors: a 10-month study

et al. 2022

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Background and objectives To explore cognitive, EEG, and MRI features in COVID-19 survivors up to 10 months after hospital discharge. Methods Adult patients with a recent diagnosis of COVID-19 and reporting subsequent cognitive complaints underwent neuropsychological assessment and 19-channel-EEG within 2 months (baseline, N = 49) and 10 months (follow-up, N = 33) after hospital discharge. A brain MRI was obtained for 36 patients at baseline. Matched healthy controls were included. Using eLORETA, EEG regional current densities and linear lagged connectivity values were estimated. Total brain and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volumes were measured. Clinical and instrumental data were evaluated between patients and controls at baseline, and within patient whole group and with/without dysgeusia/hyposmia subgroups over time. Correlations among findings at each timepoint were computed. Results At baseline, 53% and 28% of patients showed cognitive and psychopathological disturbances, respectively, with executive dysfunctions correlating with acute-phase respiratory distress. Compared to healthy controls, patients also showed higher regional current density and connectivity at delta band, correlating with executive performances, and greater WMH load, correlating with verbal memory deficits. A reduction of cognitive impairment and delta band EEG connectivity were observed over time, while psychopathological symptoms persisted. Patients with acute dysgeusia/hyposmia showed lower improvement at memory tests than those without. Lower EEG delta band at baseline predicted worse cognitive functioning at follow-up. Discussion COVID-19 patients showed interrelated cognitive, EEG, and MRI abnormalities 2 months after hospital discharge. Cognitive and EEG findings improved at 10 months. Dysgeusia and hyposmia during acute COVID-19 were related with increased vulnerability in memory functions over time. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00415-022-11047-5.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive, EEG, and MRI features of COVID-19 survivors: a 10-month study

et al. 2022

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“…Based on research in various populations, MoCA is found to have an adequate concurrent validity with comprehensive cognitive measurements for cognitive deficits, has excellent test-retest reliability, and is sensitive in detecting mild cognitive impairment [ 25 , 27 , 28 ]. MoCA has been used in studies of patients with COVID-19 [ 10 , 29 , 30 ]. The Danish version of MoCA was used in this study [ 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living and Cognitive Status after Hospitalization with COVID-19: A Multiple Case Study

Christensen

Eskildsen

2022

Occupational Therapy International

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Background. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation including occupational therapy after COVID-19 is recommended. However, evidence on how COVID-19 affects the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) is sparse. Objective. The aim of this study was to explore the ability to perform ADL and cognitive status in patients with COVID-19 at time of discharge and three months postdischarge. Methods. This prospective multiple case study included adults with COVID-19, who at time of discharge had decreased ADL performance compared to habitual functional level. Data collection included Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at discharge and three-month follow-up. Exploratory analysis was used to identify similarities and trends within and across cases. Results. Eleven patients were included. 75% had a significant increase in motor ability measures, and 27% had a significant increase in process ability measures at follow-up. 67% of follow-up cases showed mild cognitive impairment, where executive functioning and memory were most predominant. Conclusions. The ability to perform ADL was affected at discharge and at three-month follow-up. Furthermore, mild cognitive impairment was present at both hospital discharge and follow-up in most cases. Significance. Occupational therapists can apply performance-based assessments to identify the need for rehabilitation of ADL in patients with COVID-19 during and posthospitalization.

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“…Moreover, Pirker-Kees et al ( 2021) demonstrated that olfactory dysfunction can be associated with cognitive impairment, even in patients with mild COVID-19 [53]. In addition, since previous studies [54] showed correlation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive Encyclopedia 2022, 2 30 impairment with neuroimaging changes in the limbic system, altered olfactory perception presumably can be considered as marker of limbic system involvement in patients with mild and subclinical COVID-19.…”

Section: Neuroanatomy Of Limbic System and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Limbic Encephalitis Associated with COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Limbic encephalitis (LE) is an inflammatory disease of the brain, in which lesion is anatomically limited in structures of the limbic system. In some cases, LE can start with symptoms of limbic dysfunction with further involvement of other regions of the brain. Classic LE syndrome includes such symptoms as the development of personality disorders, depression, sleep disorders, epileptic seizures, hallucinations and cognitive disorders (short-term and long-term memory impairment). The information of clinical examination, electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cerebrospinal fluid studies (CSF) suggest the diagnosis of LE in most patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

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Hyposmia Is Associated with Reduced Cognitive Function in COVID-19: First Preliminary Results

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Cognitive, EEG, and MRI features of COVID-19 survivors: a 10-month study

Cognitive, EEG, and MRI features of COVID-19 survivors: a 10-month study

Exploring the Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living and Cognitive Status after Hospitalization with COVID-19: A Multiple Case Study

Limbic Encephalitis Associated with COVID-19

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