Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review

Péterfi, Orsolya; Boda, Francisc; Szabó, Zoltán‐István; Ferencz, Elek; Bába, László

doi:10.3390/molecules24152778

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Proline-rich peptides represent an important group of insect antimicrobial peptides 71 . Moreover, proline is the main constituent of hypotensive peptides (bradykinin potentiating peptides) occurring in snake venoms 72 . Villar-Briones and Aird 42 reported that proline and arginine are the most abundant free amino acids in snake venoms (Elapidae, Viperinae, and Crotalinae).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and quantification of honeybee venom constituents by multiplatform metabolomics

Klupczynska

Plewa

Dereziński

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom (HBV) has been a subject of extensive proteomics research; however, scarce information on its metabolite composition can be found in the literature. The aim of the study was to identify and quantify the metabolites present in HBV. To gain the highest metabolite coverage, three different mass spectrometry (MS)-based methodologies were applied. In the first step, untargeted metabolomics was used, which employed high-resolution, accurate-mass Orbitrap MS. It allowed obtaining a broad overview of HBV metabolic components. Then, two targeted metabolomics approaches, which employed triple quadrupole MS, were applied to quantify metabolites in HBV samples. The untargeted metabolomics not only confirmed the presence of amines, amino acids, carbohydrates, and organic acids in HBV, but also provided information on venom components from other metabolite classes (e.g., nucleosides, alcohols, purine and pyrimidine derivatives). The combination of three MS-based metabolomics platforms facilitated the identification of 214 metabolites in HBV samples, among which 138 were quantified. The obtaining of the wide free amino acid profiles of HBV is one of the project’s achievements. Our study contributed significantly to broadening the knowledge about HBV composition and should be continued to obtain the most comprehensive metabolite profile of HBV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and quantification of honeybee venom constituents by multiplatform metabolomics

Klupczynska

Plewa

Dereziński

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Symptoms and evolution are very similar to sepsis that induces decrease in systemic vascular resistance, increase in cardiac output and kidney vascular resistance which lead to a decrease in kidney blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. Many snake venom peptides and enzymes impact blood pressure regulation, peripheral vasomotricity, integrity of vascular endothelium and kidney sodium reabsorption [ 33 - 35 ]. Phospholipases A 2 (PLA2s) activate the metabolism of prostaglandins and leukotrienes which play a central role in the inflammatory response through the metabolic cascade of arachidonic acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute kidney failure following severe viper envenomation: clinical, biological and ultrasonographic aspects

Tchaou¹,

Tové²,

N'Vènonfon³

et al. 2020

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of snakebite envenomation, which is still little known in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to describe the clinical, biological and ultrasonographic aspects of AKI following severe snakebite envenomation managed in the intensive care unit. Method: A prospective observational survey was performed in Benin over a period of 18 months. All patients suffering severe snakebite envenomation (SBE) were included. The diagnosis of AKI was made using the KDIGO criteria. Kidney ultrasound exam was performed in all patients to assess internal bleeding and morphological and structural abnormalities of the kidneys. R esults: Fifty-one cases of severe SBE were included. All patients presented inflammatory syndrome and showed abnormal WBCT whereas bleeding was found in 46 of them (90%). The median time to hospital presentation was three days. The majority of patients were male (M/F sex ratio = 1.55) and the median age was 26. Sixteen patients (31%) showed AKI according to the KDIGO criteria. Severe AKI (KDIGO stage 2 and 3) was observed in three patients, including one stage 2 and two stage 3. Kidney ultrasound revealed three cases of kidney capsular hematoma (6%), two cases of kidney hypertrophy (3%), three cases of kidney injury (4%), two stage 1 KDIGO and one stage 2 KDIGO. Only one patient benefited from hemodialysis. All patients showing AKI recovered without sequels. The median duration of hospital stays was four days. Seven patients died (14%) including four among the 16 AKI patients. Antivenom has been administered to 41 patients (80%). The comparison between patients without and with AKI did not show any significant difference except gender (p = 10 -2 ). C onclusion: AKI is a common complication of severe snakebite envenomation. Resulting from inflammatory and hemorrhagic disorders, AKI may prove to be a short-term life-threatening factor.

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“…Another important component of RAS that is often overlooked and in fact did not appear to be discussed (Covid-19 context) in any of the articles that we have reviewed is the bradykinin pathway (Marceau et al,2020). Bradykinin is a proinflammatory proliferative peptide hormone inducing vasodilation, vascular permeability and edema (Kempe et al,2020;Lopatko et al,2019;Pé terfi et al,2019). Bradykinin is upregulated by ACE inhibitors (Bakhle, 2020) and may be playing a significant role that has gone unnoticed in the Covid-19 saga.…”

Section: Background On the Renin-angiotensin System As It Pertains Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human-Covid Tango: Connecting the Dots

Hamdi¹,

Abdaldayem²

2020

Preprint

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As the world grapples with a hot pandemic with various and expanding epicenters, a flurry of medical and scientific activity has gained speed and momentum in a race to halt Covid-19. Due to the urgency of the situation, publication peer review has been speeded up to get information published and turn the gears of research in search for a cure. A hot and controversial topic has been the connection between Covid-19 and the Renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Covid-19, like Sars before it, enters by way of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues in the body serving as the doorway by which the virus can enter and spread causing inflammatory havoc. Demographic evidence coming out of china and other locations make it clear that the elderly and those suffering cardiovascular complications such as hypertension etc are most at risk. The connection to RAS and the demographic nature of the data coming out has led many to advance hypothesis, recommendations and even therapies based on existing RAS inhibitors and other components of the renin-angiotensin system. It is pertinent to review the literature in the context of our understanding of the renin-angiotesnin system to allow better judgements to be made as well as lines of research initiated advancing a quick resolution to Covid-19.

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Hypotensive Snake Venom Components—A Mini-Review

Cited by 61 publications

References 115 publications

Identification and quantification of honeybee venom constituents by multiplatform metabolomics

Identification and quantification of honeybee venom constituents by multiplatform metabolomics

Acute kidney failure following severe viper envenomation: clinical, biological and ultrasonographic aspects

The Human-Covid Tango: Connecting the Dots

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