Hypothalamus

Puelles, Luis; Martı́nez-de-la-Torre, Margaret; Bardet, Sylvia M.; Rubenstein, John L.R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-369497-3.10008-1

Cited by 122 publications

(749 citation statements)

References 259 publications

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“…The cholinergic cells in the supraoptoparaventricular band in Lepisosteus , and the suprachiasmatic nucleus in both species studied, also belong to the nonevaginated secondary prosencephalon. All these populations are situated in the alar part of the hypothalamus [Puelles et al, 2012b]. In the basal hypothalamus the only ChAT-ir cell group was found in the nucleus subglomerulosus of the inferior hypothalamic lobe in Amia .…”

Section: Segmental Organization Of Cholinergic Cell Groups In the Bramentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative Analysis of the Organization of the Cholinergic System in the Brains of Two Holostean Fishes, the Florida Gar Lepisosteus platyrhincus and the Bowfin Amia calva

Morona¹,

López²,

Northcutt³

et al. 2013

Brain Behav Evol

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The cholinergic system in the brain has been widely studied in most vertebrate groups, but there is no information available about this neurotransmission system in the brains of holostean fishes, a primitive and poorly understood group of actinopterygian fishes. The present study provides the first detailed information on the distribution of cholinergic cell bodies and fibers in the central nervous system in two holostean species, the Florida gar, Lepisosteus platyrhincus, and the bowfin, Amia calva. Immmunohistochemistry against the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) revealed distinct groups of ChAT-immunoreactive (ChAT-ir) cells in the habenula, isthmic nucleus, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, octavolateral area, reticular formation, cranial nerve motor nuclei and the motor column of the spinal cord, all of which seem to be highly conserved among vertebrates. Some ChAT-ir cells were detected in the basal telencephalon that appear in actinopterygians for the first time in the evolution of this neurotransmission system, whereas the remarkable cholinergic population in the optic tectum is a peculiar characteristic, the presence of which varies throughout evolution, although it is present in all teleosts studied. Abundant cholinergic fibers were found in the pretectal region and optic tectum, where they probably modulate vision, and in the hypothalamus and the interpeduncular neuropil. Some interspecific differences were also observed, such as the presence of ChAT-ir cells in the supraoptoparaventricular band only in Lepisosteus and in in the nucleus subglomerulosus only in Amia. In addition, ChAT-ir fibers in the olfactory bulb were detected only in Amia. Comparison of these results with those from other classes of vertebrates, and a segmental analysis to correlate cell populations, reveal that the pattern of the cholinergic system in holosteans is very close to that in ancestral actinopterygian fishes, as recently described in the bichir (Cladistia), although an important evolutionary novelty in holosteans is the presence of cholinergic cells in the basal telencephalon.

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Section: Segmental Organization Of Cholinergic Cell Groups In the Bramentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative Analysis of the Organization of the Cholinergic System in the Brains of Two Holostean Fishes, the Florida Gar Lepisosteus platyrhincus and the Bowfin Amia calva

Morona¹,

López²,

Northcutt³

et al. 2013

Brain Behav Evol

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“…1b; Puelles et al 2012). The hypothalamic floor plate has been reformulated in the updated prosomeric model as being restricted to the retromamillary and mamillary neighborhoods, characterized by epichordal expression of marker genes such as Shh, Ntn1, Lmxb1, Foxa1 , and Nr4a2 (Puelles et al 2012; Allen Brain Atlas).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For instance, the dorsal-most alar longitudinal domain is represented by the hypothalamic paraventricular area (Pa), an Otp/Sim1 -positive and Dlx/Arx -negative domain, where most intrinsic neurons are glutamatergic (Puelles and Rubenstein 2003; Puelles et al 2004, 2012; Shimogori et al 2010; Morales-Delgado et al 2011). Immediately underneath, there appears the subparaventricular area, a likewise alar domain expressing instead Dlx, Arx, Isl1, Vax1 , and Gad67 , where neurons are mainly gabaergic (loc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regionalized differentiation of CRH, TRH, and GHRH peptidergic neurons in the mouse hypothalamus

et al. 2013

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According to the updated prosomeric model, the hypothalamus is subdivided rostrocaudally into terminal and peduncular parts, and dorsoventrally into alar, basal, and floor longitudinal zones. In this context, we examined the ontogeny of peptidergic cell populations expressing Crh, Trh, and Ghrh mRNAs in the mouse hypothalamus, comparing their distribution relative to the major progenitor domains characterized by molecular markers such as Otp, Sim1, Dlx5, Arx, Gsh1, and Nkx2.1. All three neuronal types originate mainly in the peduncular paraventricular domain and less importantly at the terminal paraventricular domain; both are characteristic alar Otp/Sim1-positive areas. Trh and Ghrh cells appeared specifically at the ventral subdomain of the cited areas after E10.5. Additional Ghrh cells emerged separately at the tuberal arcuate area, characterized by Nkx2.1 expression. Crh-positive cells emerged instead in the central part of the peduncular paraventricular domain at E13.5 and remained there. In contrast, as development progresses (E13.5–E18.5) many alar Ghrh and Trh cells translocate into the alar subparaventricular area, and often also into underlying basal neighborhoods expressing Nkx2.1 and/or Dlx5, such as the tuberal and retrotuberal areas, becoming partly or totally depleted at the original birth sites. Our data correlate a topologic map of molecularly defined hypothalamic progenitor areas with three types of specific neurons, each with restricted spatial origins and differential migratory behavior during prenatal hypothalamic development. The study may be useful for detailed causal analysis of the respective differential specification mechanisms. The postulated migrations also contribute to our understanding of adult hypothalamic complexity.

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“…Orthologs of mammalian neuropeptides and hormones are expressed in zebrafish by 5 days post-fertilization (dpf) (Löhr and Hammerschmidt, 2011). However, two gross anatomical differences have been documented: the ME is much more prominent (Löhr and Hammerschmidt, 2011) and the periventricular nuclei are greatly reduced (Puelles et al, 2012) in mammals compared with zebrafish.…”

Section: Hypothalamic Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, by comparing individual vertebrate models it is possible to observe biologically relevant variations in hypothalamic anatomy and neurogenesis that clearly exist but are poorly understood. One example is the gain and/or loss of apparent 'modules' comprising anatomical structures, specific cell types and gene expression (Box 2) (Puelles et al, 2012). Another example is the specialization of neuronal populations into novel subtypes with different physiology, neurotransmitter expression or anatomical projections (Chometton et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the hypothalamus: conservation, modification and innovation

2017

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The hypothalamus, which regulates fundamental aspects of physiological homeostasis and behavior, is a brain region that exhibits highly conserved anatomy across vertebrate species. Its development involves conserved basic mechanisms of induction and patterning, combined with a more plastic process of neuronal fate specification, to produce brain circuits that mediate physiology and behavior according to the needs of each species. Here, we review the factors involved in the induction, patterning and neuronal differentiation of the hypothalamus, highlighting recent evidence that illustrates how changes in Wnt/β-catenin signaling during development may lead to species-specific form and function of this important brain structure.

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Hypothalamus

Cited by 122 publications

References 259 publications

Comparative Analysis of the Organization of the Cholinergic System in the Brains of Two Holostean Fishes, the Florida Gar <b><i>Lepisosteus platyrhincus</i></b> and the Bowfin <b><i>Amia calva</i></b>

Comparative Analysis of the Organization of the Cholinergic System in the Brains of Two Holostean Fishes, the Florida Gar <b><i>Lepisosteus platyrhincus</i></b> and the Bowfin <b><i>Amia calva</i></b>

Regionalized differentiation of CRH, TRH, and GHRH peptidergic neurons in the mouse hypothalamus

Development of the hypothalamus: conservation, modification and innovation

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