Hypothermia and its attempted control in newborn piglets

Pattison, R J; English, P. R.; MacPherson, O; Roden, J.A.; Birnie, M

doi:10.1017/s0308229600018626

Cited by 8 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“… Caldara et al (2014) found that the minimum body surface temperature was reached at 15 min after birth. However, similar to the current experiment, a number of studies have found that the minimum temperature occurred at 30 min after birth ( Pattison et al, 1990 ; Andersen and Pedersen, 2015 ; Xiong et al, 2018 ; Cooper et al, 2019 ). There was considerable variation in the estimates of minimum temperatures between these studies, ranging from 33.6 °C ( Xiong et al, 2018 ) to 36.6 °C ( Pattison et al, 1990 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

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Effect of method of drying piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth1

Pol

Tolosa

Shull³

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Piglets are born wet, and evaporation of that moisture decreases body temperature, increasing the risk of mortality. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of 2 commercially-applicable methods for drying piglets at birth on piglet rectal temperature over 24 h after birth. The study was carried out in standard commercial farrowing facilities with 52 litters, using a completely randomized design with 3 Drying Treatments: Control (not dried); Desiccant (dried at birth using a cellulose-based desiccant); Paper Towel (dried at birth using paper towels). Litters were randomly allotted to treatments at the birth of the first piglet. At birth, piglets were individually identified, and the treatment was applied. Rectal temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 1440 min (24 h) after birth. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures model with PROC MIXED of SAS, with litter as the experimental unit and piglet a subsample of the litter. The model included the fixed effects of treatment and time (as a repeated measure), and the interaction. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of treatment on temperature at birth, or 10 or 1440 min after birth. Piglet temperatures between 20 and 120 min after birth were similar (P > 0.05) for the Desiccant and Paper Towel treatments, but were greater (P ≤ 0.05) than the Control. The effect of birth weight on the response to Drying Treatment was evaluated by dividing the data into Light (< 1.0 kg), Medium (1.0 to 1.5 kg), or Heavy (> 1.5 kg) piglet Birth Weight Categories. Piglet rectal temperature data at each measurement time were analyzed using a model that included the fixed effects of Birth Weight Category, Drying Treatment, and the interaction. Temperatures of Light piglets were lower (P ≤ 0.05) than those of Heavy piglets between 20 and 120 min after birth, with Medium piglets being intermediate and generally different to the other 2 weight categories at these times. The difference in temperature between Light as compared to Medium or Heavy piglets was greater for the Control than the other 2 Drying Treatments at 60 min after birth. These results suggest that drying piglets at birth is an effective method to reduce rectal temperature decline in the early post-natal period, especially for low birth weight piglets.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In addition, Kammersgaard et al (2011) reported considerable variation in birth temperatures within the same study (37.0 to 41.5 °C). Given that piglet temperature declines rapidly immediately after birth ( Pattison et al, 1990 ), differences between studies may be mainly due to the timing of measurement relative to the time of birth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of method of drying piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth1

Pol

Tolosa

Shull³

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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“… Pedersen et al (2016) found that confining piglets under a radiant heat source (at 34 °C) for 2 h compared to leaving them at room temperature (at 20.9 °C) increased the minimum temperature by between 1.2 and 1.4 °C, which is similar to the results for the Warming treatment in the current study. In contrast, Pattison et al (1990) showed a small increase in temperature (0.3 °C at 60 min after birth) from confining piglets in a heated creep area for 45 min. However, the warming treatment in that study started at 15 min after birth, by which time piglet temperatures would have decreased considerably.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…At all other times, there were no differences (P > 0.05) between temperatures of medium and heavy piglets for any of the four treatments. Previous research has also shown that the extent and duration of the temperature decline after birth is greater in low birth weight piglets than in heavier littermates ( Pattison et al, 1990 ; Pedersen et al, 2016 ; Cooper et al, 2019 ; Vande Pol et al, 2020 ). Lighter piglets are predisposed to chilling ( Muns et al, 2016 ), having a high body surface area to volume ratio, low body fat for insulation ( Curtis, 1974 ), and limited energy reserves (glycogen and fat) for heat production ( Lossec et al, 1998 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Subsequently, temperatures increased and approached the level observed at birth by 1,440 min. A number of studies have also found that the minimum temperature of undried piglets occurred at 30 min after birth; however, values at this time varied between studies ranging from 33.6 °C ( Xiong et al, 2018 ) to 36.6 °C ( Pattison et al, 1990 ). Most studies have found that, on average, temperatures reach levels close to those at birth by 24 h after birth ( McGinnis et al, 1981 ; Xiong et al, 2018 ; Cooper et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of drying and/or warming piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth

Pol

Tolosa

Shull³

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Piglets experience a rapid decrease in body temperature immediately after birth, increasing the risk of mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drying and/or warming piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth. The study was carried out at a commercial sow facility using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments (applied to piglets at birth): Control (no drying or warming), Desiccant (dried using a desiccant), Warming Box (placed in a box under a heat lamp for 30 min), and Desiccant+Warming Box (both dried and warmed as above). Farrowing pens had one heat lamp, temperatures under which were similar to the warming box (35°C). A total of 68 litters (866 piglets) were randomly allotted to a treatment at the birth of the first piglet. At birth, each piglet was identified with a numbered ear tag and weighed; rectal temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 1440 min after birth. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures model using PROC MIXED of SAS. Litter was the experimental unit, piglet was a subsample of the litter; the model included the fixed effects of treatment, time (the repeated measure), and the interaction. Rectal temperatures at birth and 1440 min after birth were similar (P > 0.05) for all treatments. At all times between 10 and 120 min after birth, Control piglets had lower (P ≤ 0.05) temperatures than the other 3 treatments. The Desiccant and Warming Box treatments had similar (P > 0.05) temperatures at most measurement times, but the Desiccant+Warming Box treatment had the highest (P ≤ 0.05) rectal temperatures at most times between 10 and 60 min. In addition, for all treatments, Light (< 1.0 kg) birth weight piglets had lower (P ≤ 0.05) temperatures than Medium (1.0 to 1.5 kg) or Heavy (> 1.5 kg) piglets at all times between 10 and 120 min. In addition, at these measurement times, the deviation in temperature between the Control and the other 3 treatments was greater for Light than Medium or Heavy piglets. In conclusion, both drying and warming piglets at birth significantly increased rectal temperatures between 10 and 120 min after birth, with the combination of the 2 interventions having the greatest effect, especially for low birth weight piglets.

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Improving piglets health and well-being: A review of piglets health indicators and related sensing technologies

Sadeghi,

Kappers,

Chiumento

et al. 2023

Smart Agricultural Technology

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Hypothermia and its attempted control in newborn piglets

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of method of drying piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth1

Effect of method of drying piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth1

Effect of drying and/or warming piglets at birth on rectal temperature over the first 24 h after birth

Improving piglets health and well-being: A review of piglets health indicators and related sensing technologies

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