Hypsipyla grandella em Mogno (Swietenia macrophylla): Situação Atual e Perspectivas

Lunz, Alexandre Mehl; Thomazini, M. J.; Blassioli‐Moraes, Maria Carolina; Neves, E. J. M.; Batista, Telma Fátima Vieira; Degenhardt, Juliana; Sousa, L. A. de; Ohashi, Orlando Shigueo

doi:10.4336/2009.pfb.59.45

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A ocorrência de bifurcação de plantas de mogno após o ataque pela H. grandella também foi observado em plantios homogêneo de mogno e consorciado com Eucalyptus urophylla (Guimarães Neto et al 2004) e em plantios consorciados com espécies florestais para uso múltiplo na Amazônia (Souza 2008;Lunz et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Eficiência do nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) como barreira natural ao ataque de Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sobre o mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

2013

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A eficiência da espécie Azadirachta indica como barreira natural ao ataque da Hypsipyla grandella sobre o mogno em diferentes arranjos e densidades de plantio foi, avaliada. O estudo foi realizado numa área de pastagem degradada em Vigia, PA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com cinco repetições, sendo as formas de cultivo do mogno as parcelas, e as épocas de avaliação (meses) as subparcelas. A barreira natural formada pelo nim não evitou o ataque de H. grandella sobre o mogno, mas retardou e minimizou o ataque em plantios mistos. Para o maior controle do ataque de H. grandella, o mogno não deve ser plantado simultaneamente com o nim, mas um ano após o plantio do nim, quando este apresenta mais de três metros de altura, formando uma barreira natural mais eficaz ao ataque desta praga. PalavRaS-chavE: Praga florestal, controle alternativo, planta armadilha, sistemas silviculturais. The efficiency of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) as natural barrier to attack by Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on the Brazilian mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) aBSTRacTThe efficiency of Azadirachta indica as natural barrier against the attack by Hypsipyla grandella on mahogany in different arrangements and planting densities was evaluated. The study was carried out in degraded pasture in Vigia, Pará. The experimental design was a randomized block in split plot in time with five replications, the forms of cultivation of mahogany as plots and the evaluation periods (months) as the subplots. The natural barrier formed by neem did not prevent the attack of H. grandella on mahogany, but delayed and minimized the attack in mixed plantings. It is recommended that mahogany should not be planted simultaneously with the neem, but a year after planting the neem, when it has more than three meters in height, forming a natural barrier more effective to pest attack.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Eficiência do nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) como barreira natural ao ataque de Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sobre o mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

2013

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“…Induced resistance by grafting is desirable, as H. grandella bores the apical meristem of S. macrophylla in nurseries and trees in the field (LUNZ et al, 2009). Such injury leads to the breakdown of apical dominance and reduction in growth and wood quality.…”

Section: Implications Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such injury leads to the breakdown of apical dominance and reduction in growth and wood quality. Moreover, it might generate a twisted trunk and the presence of nodes, along with other undesirable effects, which decrease the value of the wood in the market (OHASHI et al, 2008;LUNZ et al, 2009;ROCHA et al, 2016). As no evidence of H. grandella attack on K. anthotheca has been reported so far, the crown replacement by using K. anthotheca as scion could be an alternative for obtaining high-quality wood in homogeneous planting of S. macrophylla.…”

Section: Implications Of the Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation of Khaya Anthotheca: Interspecific Grafting With Swietenia Macrophylla and Air Layering

Filho

Carvalho

Oliveira

et al. 2016

CERNE

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Swietenia macrophylla yields high-quality wood; however, its vulnerability to extinction coupled with challenges for its cultivation have brought attention to its replacement for alternative species such as the Khaya anthotheca. The species has been recently introduced to South America, with potential for the production of high-quality wood. However, limited background on breeding and efficient strategies for its vegetative propagation exist. Here, we achieved significant results with the application of cleft grafting and air layering for the propagation of K. anthotheca plants grown from seeds. First, we analyzed the compatibility of scions and rootstocks for intraspecific and interspecific cleft grafting combinations of K. anthotheca and S. macrophylla. Second, air layering was performed in K. anthotheca seedlings irrigated with three nutrient solution (100%, 50% and 25% of the initial concentration of nutrients) combined with the application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to evaluate adventitious rooting. From cleft grafting, we achieved an overall graft compatibility and survival of 48% after 200 days. However, the interspecific combination of S. macrophylla (scion) and K. anthotheca (rootstock) implicated in no compatibility, while the reciprocal resulted in 52% of compatibility. Through air layering, the irrigation with the nutrient solution with at least 50% of the nutrients concentration and with IBA (3.0 or 8.0 g.L-1) resulted in the best adventitious rooting. Overall, we recommend cleft grafting, except for the combination S. macrophylla (scion) and K. anthotheca (rootstock), with no compatibility. Air layering might also be useful for the propagation of K. anthotheca genotypes in breeding programs.

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“…Many studies have been conducted to avoid or minimize the action of this shoot borer, such as: homogeneous low density plantations in areas of secondary vegetation (STEVENSON, 1927;SWA-BEY, 1941;MARIE, 1949;YARED;CARPANEZZI, 1981;OLIVEIRA, 2000;GROGAN et al, 2002); mixed or combined plantations of S. macrophylla with many species, Azadirachta indica A. Juss (SIL-VA et al, 2013), Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake (GUIMARÃES NETO et al, 2004), Toona ciliata M. J. Roem (COSTA, 2000;BATISTA, 2005) and with many forest species for multiple use in the Amazon (SOUZA, 2008;LUNZ et al, 2009) have also been studied. However, in all of these studies, H. grandella occurred and caused damage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

Rocha¹,

Caldeira²,

Brondani³

2016

Sci. For.

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ResumoO cultivo de Swietenia macrophylla King é inviabilizado pela ação de leptobroca. Assim, os objetivos para o estudo foram avaliar o desenvolvimento da espécie em plantio homogêneo no Sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, e a região como área de escape à ação da Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. Foram plantadas 150 árvores no espaçamento 3,0 m x 3,0 m, distribuídas em quatro blocos de 21 árvores, além da bordadura. Cinco meses após o plantio foram avaliados a sobrevivência e o diâmetro à altura do colo. Periodicamente, até 152 meses, foram registrados densidade, diâmetro à altura do peito, altura total e altura comercial e determinadas área transversal média e área basal. Complementarmente, cada árvore foi classificada pela forma do fuste e seu estado fitossanitário. Aos 152 meses, com de 53,6% de sobrevivência, os valores médios e coeficientes de variação foram, respectivamente, de 20,6 cm (4,7%), 16,3 m (4,3%), 5,5 m (6,4%), 0,0346 m 2 árvore -1 (9,3%) e 20,5295 m 2 ha -1 , e mais de 50% das árvores com fuste reto sem ou com galhos. A mortalidade foi devida a causas abióticas e não foram registrados problemas fitossanitários. A região apresenta potencial para o cultivo de S. macrophyla e pode ser considerada como área de escape para a leptobroca.Palavras-chave: Silvicultura, mogno, leptobroca, evasão. AbstractSwietenia macrophylla King cultivation is made difficult by the shoot borer action. Thus, the objectives of this research were to evaluate the development of the species in a homogeneous plantation in south western Mato Grosso State, Brazil, and to evaluate if the region could act as an escape area from the action of Hypsipyla grandella Zeller. 150 S. macrophylla seedlings were planted in 3.0 m x 3.0 m row spacing, distributed into four 21 trees blocks, in addition to the border. Five months after planting, the survival and diameter at ground level were measured. Periodically, until 152 months of age, density, diameter at breast height, total height and commercial height were measured, and the average cross-sectional area and basal area were determined. In addition, each tree was rated by stem shape and health. At 152 months, with 53.6% survival, the average rates and coefficient of variation were 20.6 cm (4.7%), 16.3 m (4.3%), 5.5 m (6.4%), 0.0346 m 2 tree -1 (9.3%) and 20.5295 m 2 ha -1 , respectively, and over 50% of the trees had a straight stem with or without branches. Mortality was due to abiotic causes, and no crop health problems were recorded. The region shows potential for S. macrophyla growth and may be considered as an escape area from the Hypsipyla grandella Zeller borer.

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Hypsipyla grandella em Mogno (Swietenia macrophylla): Situação Atual e Perspectivas

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Eficiência do nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) como barreira natural ao ataque de Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sobre o mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

Eficiência do nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) como barreira natural ao ataque de Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) sobre o mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)

Propagation of Khaya Anthotheca: Interspecific Grafting With Swietenia Macrophylla and Air Layering

Development of Swietenia macrophylla King in escape areas

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