<i>Anisakis pegreffii</i> impacts differentiation and function of human dendritic cells

Napoletano, Chiara; Mattiucci, Simonetta; Colantoni, Alessandra; Battisti, Federico; Zizzari, Ilaria Grazia; Rahimi, Hassan; Nuti, Marianna; Rughetti, Aurelia

doi:10.1111/pim.12527

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The same monoclonal CD83 antibody used in the present work identified DC in the paracortical area of lymph nodes displaying a marked cytoplasmic localization, while it was not detected in macrophages located along the medullary sinuses, and it labelled B cells located in the lymphoid follicles that formed a fine reticulum-a staining pattern consistent with that expected for FDC [13]. In our study, the decreased expression of CD83 in DC and FDC of paracortical areas and germinal centres, respectively at 9 and 18 dpi agrees with the decreased expression of the same cell marker in peritoneal leucocytes from F. hepatica-infected sheep at 3 and 9 dpi [54] and with the decrease in the expression of CD83 in monocyte-derived DC cocultured in the presence Anisakis pegreffi live larvae and their crude extracts [61], as well as T. multiceps [62] and T. spiralis [63]. Since the expression of the CD83 molecule in mature DC could have a specialized function during antigenic presentation, contributing to lymphoid activation [64], reduced CD83 expression during F. hepatica infection in sheep suggests a modulatory effect that impairs antigenic presentation and, therefore, the host immune response during the early stages of infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Characterization of dendritic cells and follicular dendritic cells in the hepatic lymph nodes and liver of sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica

Ruiz-Campillo

Molina-Hernández

Bautista

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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Fasciola hepatica has been shown to have a high capacity for immunomodulation of the host response, making the development of protective vaccines extremely difficult. One of these immunomodulation mechanisms is the impairment of dendritic cells (DC) maturation and, therefore, suppression of antigenic presentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathological changes as well as the characterization of two antigen presenting cells, DC (CD1b, CD83 and MHC-II positive) and follicular dendritic cells (FDC) (CNA.42, S100 and CD83 positive) by immunohistochemistry in the hepatic lymph nodes (HLN) and livers of sheep during the early stages of infection with F. hepatica [9 and 18 days post-infection (dpi)], compared with an uninfected group (UC) as a control. The results revealed a marked hyperplasia of HLN germinal centres at 9 and, in particular, 18 dpi, with respect to the UC group, with coincidental increased expression of CNA.42 in FDC of lymphoid follicles and CD1b in the DC of paracortical areas at 18 dpi. However, the expression of MHC-II and CD83 decreased at 9 and, particularly, at 18 dpi in HLN compared with that in the UC group. Since both markers are related to active presentation of antigens by DC and FDC, the results of the present study suggest that, despite the marked hyperplasia of HLN and increase in DC and FDC numbers during early stages of infection, the DC and FDC antigenic presentation capacity, as suggested by the expression of the markers MHC-II and CD83, is suppressed by the parasite. This suppression was not observed in the liver, probably because of the low number of DC. This is the first study of the immunophenotype of DCs and FDC in sheep infected with F. hepatica.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Characterization of dendritic cells and follicular dendritic cells in the hepatic lymph nodes and liver of sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica

Ruiz-Campillo

Molina-Hernández

Bautista

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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“…This might suggest that live larvae trigger different immune recognition and activation pathways than crude extracts or even secretory/excretory products ( 53 ). This hypothesis is supported by a recent study where dendritic cell (DC) cytokine and chemokine secretion was conditioned by live A. pegreffii larvae or crude extract ( 54 ). Interestingly, the autologous CD4 + T cells that were stimulated by DCs differentiated in the presence of live larvae or crude extract but failed to produce IL4, IL17, and IL10.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Molecular and Cellular Response to Experimental Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda, Anisakidae) Third-Stage Larval Infection in Rats

et al. 2018

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Background: Anisakiasis is a zoonotic disease caused by accidental ingestion of live Anisakis spp. third-stage larvae present in raw or undercooked seafood. Symptoms of this emerging infectious disease include mild-to-severe abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. Some patients experience significant allergic reactions.Aims: In order to better understand the onset of anisakiasis, we aimed to: (i) histopathologically describe severe inflammatory/hemorrhagic infection site lesions in Sprague-Dawley rats experimentally infected with Anisakis pegreffii larvae; and (ii) qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the transcriptomes of affected tissues using RNA-Seq.Methodology: The experiment was performed on 35 male rats, sacrificed at 5 time points (6, 10, 18, 24, and 32 h post-infection). Gastric intubation was performed with 10 A. pegreffii larvae (N = 5 infected rats per time point) or 1.5 ml of saline (external control N = 2 rats). 16 pools, seven for muscle tissues and nine for stomach tissues, were created to obtain robust samples for estimation of gene expression changes depicting common signatures of affected versus unaffected tissues. Illumina NextSeq 500 was used for paired-end sequencing, while edgeR was used for count data and differential expression analyses.Results: In total, there were 1372 (855 up and 517 down) differentially expressed (DE) genes in the Anisakis-infected rat stomach tissues, and 1633 (1230 up and 403 down) DE genes in the muscle tissues. Elicited strong local proinflammatory reaction seems to favor the activation of the interleukin 17 signaling pathway and the development of the T helper 17-type response. The number of DE ribosomal genes in the Anisakis-infected stomach tissue suggests that A. pegreffii larvae might induce ribosomal stress in the early infection stage. However, the downstream pathways and post-infection responses require further study. Histopathology revealed severe inflammatory/hemorrhagic lesions caused by Anisakis infection in the rat stomach and muscle tissues in the first 32 h. The lesion sites showed infiltration by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (predominantly neutrophils and occasional eosinophils), and to a lesser extent, macrophages.Conclusion: Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying host responses to Anisakis infection is important to elucidate many aspects of the onset of anisakiasis, a disease of growing public health concern.

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“…In particular, macrophage C-type lectin (MGL) has been identified as a selective binder of the carbohydrate residue GalNAc-O-S/T (Tn) carried by several parasites as well as expressed by cancer cells [51,52,66]. Further, it has been found that the interaction between the MGL lectin expressed by dendritic cells (DCs) and the parasite A. pegreffii likely induces a Th-2 switch, involved in IgE-mediated responses against this parasite [50]. Thus, since the transcript levels of A.peg-7 in A. pegreffii seem to be maintained in the selected temperature-conditions investigated in the present study, its gene expression would rather be modulated by the host (both of intermediate and definitive/accidental human hosts) immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…would be able to induce and regulate the Th-2 polarising response associated with Anisakis infection in the accidental host (humans) [64]. On the other hand, the capacity of A. pegreffii larvae to impair human DC cell biology and function has also been shown experimentally [50], suggesting possible up-regulation of this gene under the effective cellular immune response of the homeothermic human host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gene expression profiles of antigenic proteins of third stage larvae of the zoonotic nematode Anisakis pegreffii in response to temperature conditions

et al. 2019

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Anisakis pegreffii, a recognised etiological agent of human anisakiasis, is a parasite of homeothermic hosts at the adult stage and of ectothermic hosts at the third larval stage. Among distinct factors, temperature appears to be crucial in affecting parasite hatching, moulting and to modulate parasite-host interaction. In the present study, we investigated the gene transcripts of proteins having an antigenic role among excretory secretory products (ESPs) (i.e., a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor, A.peg-1; a glycoprotein, A.peg-7; and the myoglobin, A.peg-13) after 24 h, in A. pegreffii larvae maintained in vitro, under controlled temperature conditions. Temperatures were 37 °C and 20 °C, resembling respectively homeothermic and ectothermic hosts conditions, and 7 °C, the cold stress condition post mortem of the fish host. Primers of genes coding for these ESPs to be used in quantitative real-time PCR were newly designed, and qRT-PCR conditions developed. Expression profiles of the genes A.peg-1 and A.peg-13 were significantly up-regulated at 20 °C and 37 °C, with respect to the control (larvae kept at 2 °C for 24 h). Conversely, transcript profiles of A.peg-7 did not significantly change among the chosen temperature conditions. In accordance with the observed transcript profiles, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed the presence of the three target ESPs at 37 °C, while only A.peg-13 was observed at 7 °C. The results suggest that temperature conditions do regulate the gene expression profiles of A.peg-1 and A.peg-13 in A. pegreffii larvae. However, regulation of the glycoprotein A.peg-7 is likely to be related to other factors such as the host’s immune response.

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Anisakis pegreffii impacts differentiation and function of human dendritic cells

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

Characterization of dendritic cells and follicular dendritic cells in the hepatic lymph nodes and liver of sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica

Characterization of dendritic cells and follicular dendritic cells in the hepatic lymph nodes and liver of sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica

Molecular and Cellular Response to Experimental Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda, Anisakidae) Third-Stage Larval Infection in Rats

Gene expression profiles of antigenic proteins of third stage larvae of the zoonotic nematode Anisakis pegreffii in response to temperature conditions

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