<i>Balantidium coli</i> and other gastrointestinal parasites in captives non‐human primates of the Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Barbosa, Alynne da Silva; Pissinatti, Alcides; Dib, Laís Verdan; Siqueira, Mayara Perlingeiro de; Cardozo, Matheus Lessa; Fonseca, Ana Beatriz Monteiro; Oliveira, Anderson de Barros; Silva, Fábio Alves da; Uchôa, Cláudia Maria Antunes; Bastos, Otílio Machado Pereira; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis

doi:10.1111/jmp.12140

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In non-human primates, several studies have reported a prevalence between 0.5% and 44.4% [ 69 – 72 ]. The genetic assemblage A was detected in primates kept in a zoo, which highlights that, considering the zoonotic potential of the assemblage detected, regular coproparasitological surveys are necessary to safeguard the captive animals, their caretakers and people visiting zoos [ 69 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Giardiasis as a neglected disease in Brazil: Systematic review of 20 years of publications

et al. 2017

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IntroductionGiardiasis is an intestinal infection that affects more than two hundred million people annually worldwide; it is caused by the flagellated protozoan Giardia duodenalis. In tropical countries and in low or middle-income settings, like Brazil, its prevalence can be high. There is currently no systematic review on the presence of G. duodenalis in patients, animals or water sources in Brazil.MethodsThis systematic review was performed according to recommendations established by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). As databases for our searches, we have used PubMed, Embase, Scopus and the Brazilian database SciELO using the keywords Giardia* and Brazil.ResultsThis systematic review identified research studies related to G. duodenalis in water, giardiasis in animals, prevalence of giardiasis across Brazilian regions, genotyping of strains isolated in humans, and giardiasis in indigenous populations. We also propose a network of G. duodenalis transmission in Brazil based on genotypes analyses.ConclusionThis is the first time within the last twenty years that a review is being published on the occurrence of G. duodenalis in Brazil, addressing relevant issues such as prevalence, molecular epidemiology and analytical methods for parasite detection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genotype AI was also detected in captive Alouatta clamitans in the south of the country, indicating that these animals might be susceptible to infection with G . duodenalis strains of human origin [ 72 , 73 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardiasis as a neglected disease in Brazil: Systematic review of 20 years of publications

et al. 2017

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“…and the ciliates Balantioides coli and Troglodytella abrassarti are also a common finding in the faeces of captive NHP ( Johnson-Delaney, 2009 ; Medkour et al, 2020 ; Helenbrook and Whipps, 2021 ). All the above-mentioned protist species have been documented in NHP collections of zoological gardens and sanctuaries in Asian ( Mul et al, 2007 ; Nath et al, 2012 ; Du et al, 2015 ; Adrus et al, 2019 Zhao et al, 2020 ), African ( Munene et al, 1998 ; Pomajbíková et al, 2010a , b ; Li et al, 2011 ; Mbaya and Udendeye, 2011 ; Ryan et al, 2012 ; Adetunji, 2014 ; Debenham et al, 2015 ; Kouassi et al, 2015 ), American ( Phillips et al, 2004 ; Wenz et al, 2010 ; Milozzi et al, 2012 ; da Silva Barbosa et al, 2015 ), and European ( Levecke et al, 2007 ; Berrilli et al, 2011 ; Köster et al, 2021a ) countries. These studies revealed marked differences in occurrence rates depending on host species, geographical location, and detection method used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence and genetic diversity of enteric protists in captive and semi-captive non-human primates in côte d’Ivoire, Sierra Leone, and Peru

Köster

Lapuente

Pizarro³

et al. 2022

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Little information is currently available on the occurrence and genetic diversity of pathogenic and commensal protist species in captive and semi-captive non-human primates (NHP) resident in zoological gardens or sanctuaries in low- and medium-income countries. In this molecular-based study, we prospectively collected individual faecal samples from apparently healthy NHP at the Abidjan Zoological Garden (AZG) in Côte d’Ivoire, the Tacugama Sanctuary (TS) in Sierra Leone, and the Quistococha Zoological Garden (QZG) in Peru between November 2018 and February 2020. We evaluated for the presence of pathogenic ( Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica , Giardia duodenalis , Blastocystis sp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi , Balantioides coli ) and commensal ( Entamoeba dispar , Troglodytella abrassarti ) protist species using PCR methods and Sanger sequencing. Giardia duodenalis was the most prevalent species found (25.9%, 30/116), followed by Blastocystis sp. (22.4%, 26/116), and E. dispar (18.1%, 21/116). We detected E. bieneusi (4.2%, 1/24) and T. abrassarti (12.5%, 3/24) only on NHP from AZG. Cryptosporidium spp., E. histolytica , and B. coli were undetected at the three sampling sites investigated here. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of zoonotic sub-assemblages BIII ( n = 1) in AZG and BIV ( n = 1) in TS within G. duodenalis . We identified Blastocystis subtype ST3 (100%, 6/6) in AZG, ST1 (80.0%, 12/15), ST2 (6.7%, 1/15), and ST3 (13.3%, 2/15) in TS, and ST2 (80.0%, 4/5) and ST3 (20.0%, 1/5) in QZG. The only E. bieneusi isolate detected here was identified as zoonotic genotype CAF4. Our PCR-based data indicate that potentially pathogenic protist species including G. duodenalis , Blastocystis sp., E. bieneusi , and B. coli are present at variable rates in the three NHP populations investigated here. The identification of zoonotic genotypes within these species indicates that human-NHP transmission is possible, although the extent and directionality of these events need to be elucidated in future molecular surveys.

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“…Gastrointestinal parasites have been monitored in neotropical primates [ 5 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]; however, they are restricted to some countries such as Mexico [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ] and Brazil [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Regarding the study of hemoparasites and arboviruses in neotropical primates, this one is restricted just to a few studies in Brazil [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], Venezuela [ 49 , 50 ] and French Guiana [ 49 ], and Ecuador has no data on them [ 51 ], even if most of those hemoparasites and arboviruses are present in Ecuador [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Blood-Borne Pathogens in Non-Human Primates in the Neotropical Region: A Systematic Review

2021

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A systematic review was carried out using PRISMA guidelines from 1927 until 2019 about blood-borne pathogens present in NHPs of the Neotropical region (i.e., South America and Middle America). Results: A total of 127 publications were found in several databases. We found in 25 genera (132 species) of NHPs a total of 56 blood-borne pathogens in 197 records where Protozoa has the highest number of records in neotropical NHPs (n = 128) compared to bacteria (n = 12) and viruses (n = 57). Plasmodium brasilianum and Trypanosoma cruzi are the most recorded protozoa in NHP. The neotropical primate genus with the highest number of blood-borne pathogens recorded is Alouatta sp. (n = 32). The use of non-invasive samples for neotropical NHPs remains poor in a group where several species are endangered or threatened. A combination of serological and molecular techniques is common when detecting blood-borne pathogens. Socioecological and ecological risk factors facilitate the transmission of these parasites. Finally, a large number of countries remain unsurveyed, such as Ecuador, which can be of public health importance. Conclusions and significance: NHPs are potential reservoirs of a large number of blood-borne pathogens. In Ecuador, research activities should be focused on bacteria and viruses, where there is a gap of information for neotropical NHPs, in order to implement surveillance programs with regular and effective monitoring protocols adapted to NHPs.

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Balantidium coli and other gastrointestinal parasites in captives non‐human primates of the Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract: These results demonstrated the need for implements of sanitation programs in the sites for captive primates nurturing.

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Giardiasis as a neglected disease in Brazil: Systematic review of 20 years of publications

Giardiasis as a neglected disease in Brazil: Systematic review of 20 years of publications

Presence and genetic diversity of enteric protists in captive and semi-captive non-human primates in côte d’Ivoire, Sierra Leone, and Peru

Zoonotic Blood-Borne Pathogens in Non-Human Primates in the Neotropical Region: A Systematic Review

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