Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in an Endemic Environment: Wild Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) with Infected Ticks and Antibodies

Isogai, Emiko; Isogai, Hiroshi; Masuzawa, Toshiyuki; Postić, D.; Baranton, Guy; Kamewaka, Yuri; Kimura, Kôichi; Nishikawa, Takeshi; Fujii, Nobuhiro; Ishii, Norihisa; Ohno, Shigeaki; Yamaguti, Noboru

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1996.tb03311.x

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These results are in accordance with findings for roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in France [37], sika deer (Cervus nippon pseudaxis) in Japan [38], white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Minnesota/USA [39], and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Germany [35]. With increasing age, and thus with prolonged exposure time, the chance increases to become infected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The seroepidemiology of Lyme borreliosis in zoo animals in Germany

2003

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We conducted the first seroepidemiological study to evaluate the exposure of zoo animals to Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in German zoos and wildlife parks. A total of 1487 individuals representing 148 ungulate and carnivore species belonging to 19 families were examined using a non-species dependent ELISA. Specific antibodies were detected in 154 (10.4%) animals; 168 (11.3%) sera produced borderline results. The percentage of seropositive individuals was related to species and origin (zoo), and increased with age of the animals. Sex and season did not influence seroprevalence. Examination of 600 ticks (Ixodes ricinus; caught from vegetation in the zoos) by darkfield microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence technique revealed infection rates within the range typical for Central Europe. The results substantiate that there is an infection risk for zoo animals. A differential diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis should be taken into account in case of suspicious clinical symptoms and possible contact to ticks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

The seroepidemiology of Lyme borreliosis in zoo animals in Germany

2003

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“…In endemic environment, it is easy to isolate Lyme disease spirochetes (Isogai et al 1996). Spirochete-positive percent is 14.3 and 35.3% in non-feeding ticks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of three tick defensins and four mammalian cathelicidin-derived synthetic peptides against Lyme disease spirochetes and bacteria isolated from the midgut

Isogai

Takahashi

et al. 2009

Exp Appl Acarol

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In this study, chemically synthesized tick defensins and cathelicidin-derived mammalian peptides were used to investigate the activity spectrum against Borrelia garinii and symbiotic Stenotrophomonas maltophila. Synthetic tick defensins showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus but not B. garinii and S. maltophila. Mammalian peptides which have cationic property similar to tick defensins, showed antimicrobial activity similar to tick defensins. The antimicrobial peptides in ticks and mammalian hosts have common characteristics against microbial invasion in the innate immune system.

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“…In Japan, previous surveys indicated high prevalence of Lyme borrelia [16,17,20]. Lyme borrelia infection rates among wildlife in Hokkaido have been reported to be 40.0-87.5% in wood mice [22], 0.2% in feral raccoon [6] and 69.0% in deer [7], respectively. In addition, the prevalence rates among ticks collected from some areas of Hokkaido have been reported to be 16.6% [20] and 6.7-15.5% [16].…”

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Lyme Borrelia in Ixodes persulcatus Ticks from an Area with a Confirmed Case of Lyme Disease

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT. In this study, the prevalence of Borrelia infections in Ixodes ticks from a site in Hokkaido, Japan, with confirmed cases of Lyme disease was determined by a PCR method capable of detecting and differentiating between strains of pathogenic Borrelia, with particular emphasis on Borrelia garinii (B. garinii) and Borrelia afzelli (B. afzelli), using tick-derived DNA extracts as template. A total of 338 ticks, inclusive of 284 Ixodes persulcatus (I. persulcatus), were collected by flagging vegetation in mid-spring. Ninety-eight (34.5%) of I. persulcatus tested positive for Borrelia species DNA, whereas the overall prevalence of Borrelia species in Ixodes ovatus and Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks was 19.5 and 7.7%, respectively. PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis of Borrelia rrf(5S)-rrl(23S) intergenic spacer DNA amplicons indicated that they originated from three different Borrelia species namely, B. garinii, B. afzelii and B. japonica. Among the I. persulcatus species, which is a known vector of human borreliosis, 86 were mono-infected with B. garinii, 2 ticks were mono-infected with B. afzelii and whereas 12 ticks had dual infections. Most significant, 11 of the I. persulcatus ticks were coinfected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum and B. garinii. The difference between the number of obtained and expected co-infections was significant (χ 2 =4.32, P=0.038).

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Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in an Endemic Environment: Wild Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) with Infected Ticks and Antibodies

Cited by 20 publications

References 32 publications

The seroepidemiology of Lyme borreliosis in zoo animals in Germany

The seroepidemiology of Lyme borreliosis in zoo animals in Germany

Antimicrobial activity of three tick defensins and four mammalian cathelicidin-derived synthetic peptides against Lyme disease spirochetes and bacteria isolated from the midgut

Prevalence of Lyme Borrelia in <i>Ixodes persulcatus</i> Ticks from an Area with a Confirmed Case of Lyme Disease

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