<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>
            ‐specific intrathecal antibody production in neuroborreliosis

Hammers-Berggren, Susanne; Hansen, Klaus; Lebech, Anne‐Mette; Karlsson, M.

doi:10.1212/wnl.43.1_part_1.169

Cited by 131 publications

(89 citation statements)

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“…After successful therapy, the Bb-specific antibody response can persist for many years [30]. Therefore, Bb-specific antibodies are not useful for monitoring the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Vasculitis and Stroke in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Topakian¹,

Stieglbauer²,

Nußbaumer³

et al. 2008

Cerebrovasc Dis

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We report on 2 patients with cerebral vasculitis and stroke due to Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). Both patients had a prodromal stage involving headaches, and showed meningeal enhancement in addition to ischemic infarctions on brain magnetic resonance imaging and diffuse vasculitis on vascular imaging. Serological and cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid studies confirmed the diagnosis of active LNB. Ceftriaxone for 3 weeks led to an excellent recovery and improvements in the CSF examination findings. Stroke physicians should be aware of this rare presentation of LNB. A review of the current knowledge on cerebral vasculitis due to LNB is provided.

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“…After successful therapy, the Bb-specific antibody response can persist for many years [30]. Therefore, Bb-specific antibodies are not useful for monitoring the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Vasculitis and Stroke in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Topakian¹,

Stieglbauer²,

Nußbaumer³

et al. 2008

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…A diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis is based on clinical symptoms and signs, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, and evidence of Borrelia central nervous system infection demonstrated by the isolation of B. burgdorferi sensu lato from CSF, borrelial DNA in CSF samples, and/or (most frequently) the presence of borrelial intrathecal antibody production (3). The latter demonstration is convenient for routine laboratory work, but the synthesis may not be detectable during the first few weeks of infection (4,5), and a positive test does not distinguish between acute and past infections (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Cytokines and Chemokines in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Cerar

Ogrinc

Lotrič‐Furlan

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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The aims of the present study were to assess the concentrations of different cytokines and chemokines in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis and to identify the possible marker(s) that would enable a distinction between clinically evident and suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis, as well as between Lyme neuroborreliosis and tickborne encephalitis (TBE). Our additional interest was to evaluate the relationship between cytokine and chemokine concentrations and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolation from CSF, as well as intrathecal synthesis of specific borrelial antibodies. We found that higher concentrations of CXCL13 and lower concentrations of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in serum were associated with higher odds for clinically evident Lyme neuroborreliosis compared to suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis, as well as to TBE. The concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and CXCL13 in the CSF were higher in patients with evident Lyme neuroborreliosis than in those who were only suspected to have the disease. A comparison of CSF cytokine and chemokine levels in patients with and without intrathecal synthesis of specific borrelial antibodies revealed that CXCL13 CSF concentration is significantly associated with intrathecal synthesis of borrelial antibodies. A comparison of the cytokine and chemokine CSF concentrations in patients with clinically evident Lyme neuroborreliosis according to CSF culture results revealed that higher concentrations of gamma interferon (IFN-␥) were associated with lower odds of Borrelia isolation. Although several differences in the blood serum and CSF concentrations of various cytokines and chemokines between the groups were found, the distinctive power of the majority of these findings is low. Further research on well-defined groups of patients is needed to appraise the potential diagnostic usefulness of these concentrations.

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“…Isolation of the etiological agent from CSF still represents the gold standard, although the method is demanding, time-consuming, and of low sensitivity (1,4,20). Detection of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies, a conventional diagnostic marker of Lyme neuroborreliosis (3), is convenient for routine laboratory work but has limitations in that the antibodies may be absent during the first few weeks (10), and a positive test result does not distinguish between acute infection and past infection (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%