<i>Calloria</i>, a replacement name for the Recent brachiopod genus<i>Waltonia</i>from New Zealand

Cooper, G. Arthur; Lee, D. E.

doi:10.1080/03036758.1993.10721224

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…That Terebratella dorsata and Terebratella sanguinea are both geographically and genetically disjunct is consistent with long‐standing debate about the congeneric relationship of these Magellanic and New Zealand forms and is associated with earlier debate about the correct names for Terebratula (now Terebratella ) sanguinea Leach, 1814 and Terebratula (now Calloria ) inconspicua Sowerby, 1846 (Cooper & Lee, 1993). The appropriate revision of generic names will require detailed consideration of fossil Terebratella spp.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Vicariance and convergence in Magellanic and New Zealand long-looped brachiopod clades (Pan-Brachiopoda: Terebratelloidea)

Cohen

Bitner

Harper

et al. 2011

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Phylogenetic reconstructions using parsimony, maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian relaxed molecular clock analyses of~2850 nucleotides of nuclear-encoded small and large subunit ribosomal DNAs (SSU and LSU rDNAs) from 14 long-looped (terebratelloid) ingroup and four short-looped (terebratulidine) outgroup brachiopod taxa, together with ML analyses of~663 nucleotides of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) from 12 terebratelloid taxa, show that deep divergence separates taxa endemic to waters in the vicinity of New Zealand from those with a Magellanic distribution around South America and Antarctica. This deep divergence also separates Magellanic Terebratella dorsata from New Zealand Terebratella sanguinea, showing that they are not congeneric. Instead, they belong to separate 'Magellanic' (MAG) and 'New Zealand' (NZ) clades that first diverged about 82 Mya (95% highest posterior density, 48-120 Mya), correlating with separation between the NZ and Antarctic tectonic plates. Sequence analyses also reveal (1) that the Antarctic endemic taxa Magellania fragilis and Magellania joubini are not congeneric with Magellania venosa, suggesting that their previous placement in Aerothyris should be restored, and (2) that divergence between Antarctic and NZ species of the terebratulide Liothyrella occurred much later than plate separation, perhaps because of continuing gene flow caused by long-lived larvae. The topology of the rDNA and cox1 gene trees implies that radial ornament of the shell ('ribbing') has been gained (and/or lost) independently within the MAG and NZ clades. Radial ribs are widespread in articulate brachiopods throughout the Phanerozoic, but no comparisons of brachiopod rib morphology and morphogenesis have been published. Our comparisons of transverse shell mid-sections in the scanning electron microscope reveal no obvious evidence of differences in morphology between independently gained ribs. We also consider several ways in which ribs may affect fitness, including effects on hydrodynamics. Only scanty and inconclusive evidence is available, but we suggest that effects (if any) are likely to be of small magnitude; adaptive value of brachiopod shell ribs remains to be demonstrated.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Vicariance and convergence in Magellanic and New Zealand long-looped brachiopod clades (Pan-Brachiopoda: Terebratelloidea)

Cohen

Bitner

Harper

et al. 2011

Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…The lower turbidity, rather than the greater exposure of these locations, appears to be the more important environmental correlate of abundance for C. variegata because they were common at substantial depth in their preferred environment. In shallow exposed situations, C. variegata also forms the heavy gibbose shells that C. inconspicua does in response to strong wave action (Cooper and Lee, 1993). Yet in most of the populations of C. variegata examined, the shells were thin and quite fragile.…”

Section: Discussion Of Loop Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calloria variegata, a new Recent species of brachiopod (Articulata: Terebratulida) from northern New Zealand

Cooper¹,

Doherty²

1993

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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“…To this end, this paper also describes the result of a comparison of the colour distribution on living and recently dead brachiopods from a comparable, present day ecological setting. Calloria inconspicua [formerly known as Waltonia inconspicua or Waltonia (Terebratella) inconspicua (Cooper and Lee 1993)] is the most abundant living brachiopod around the coast of New Zealand and is found in large numbers in intertidal to shallow subtidal habitats. This same species is also found in ancient communities preserved in the richly-fossiliferous Plio-Pleistocene sediments of the Wanganui Basin, North Island, New Zealand, and it is from these sediments that the fossil specimens described in this paper were collected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original shell colouration in Late Pleistocene terebratulid brachiopods from New Zealand

Curry

1999

Palaeontologia Electronica

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A Late Pleistocene locality (approx. 80 ka) in the Wanganui Basin, New Zealand, has yielded large numbers of the brachiopod Calloria inconspicua displaying original shell colouration. In total 78% out of a collection of 377 fossil shells show orange-red colouration that represents a partial degradation of the stronger red colour found in living representatives. Investigation of a modern-day population of the species from New Zealand from an intertidal habitat indicates that recently deceased individuals rapidly lose all of their colouration. Only 57% of 281 individuals collected from the sediment surface beneath this modern population retained any trace of shell colour, and this proportion dropped to 46% of the 321 shells in the top 50 mm of sediment. As other brachiopods and molluscs at the Late Pleistocene locality also revealed traces of original colouration, preservational conditions must favour the survival of the pigments responsible for shell colouration. The colouration of Calloria inconspicua is caused by a caroteno-protein embedded within the shell, which is susceptible to degradation in the presence of light and oxygen. Rapid burial may retard the processes of degradation, and such an interpretation is consistent with the occurrence of the fossil brachiopods in an intertidal pebble bed. Colouration of the shell may help camouflage the brachiopod; the same colouration in the free-swimming larvae may offer protection from radiation damage.

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Calloria, a replacement name for the Recent brachiopod genusWaltoniafrom New Zealand

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Vicariance and convergence in Magellanic and New Zealand long-looped brachiopod clades (Pan-Brachiopoda: Terebratelloidea)

Vicariance and convergence in Magellanic and New Zealand long-looped brachiopod clades (Pan-Brachiopoda: Terebratelloidea)

Calloria variegata, a new Recent species of brachiopod (Articulata: Terebratulida) from northern New Zealand

Original shell colouration in Late Pleistocene terebratulid brachiopods from New Zealand

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