Candidatus Nitrosopumilus

Abstract

Ni.tro.so.pu'mi.lus. N.L. adj. nitrosus nitrous; L. masc. adj. pumilus dwarf; N.L. masc. n. ca. Nitrosopumilus a dwarf nitrite‐producer. Thaumarchaeota / Nitrososphaeria / Candidatus Nitrosopumilales / Candidatus Nitrosopumilaceae / Candidatus Nitrosopumilus Mesophilic, neutrophilic, autotrophic, and aerobic ammonia‐oxidizing archaea; some species are able to use urea as a source of energy for growth. Slender rods, 0.15–0.27 µm in diameter and 0.49–2.00 µm in length; some species are motile and possess polar to subpolar flagella. Cells are commonly found in marine and brackish environments and have an obligate salt requirement. Cells are sensitive to light. The cell envelope is composed of a monolayer cell membrane, consisting of crenarchaeol as the major glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipid, and a single S‐layer in a hexagonally ordered pattern as the outermost boundary. Sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA and amoA (encoding the α‐subunit of ammonia monooxygenase) reveal that species of the genus Ca . Nitropumilus comprise a monophyletic group within the family Ca . Nitropumilaceae. The G + C content of the DNA is 33.4–34.2 mol%, which is lower than those of soil and hot spring Thaumarchaeota . DNA G + C content (mol%) : 33.4–34.2. Type species : Candidatus Nitrosopumilus maritimus Könneke, Bernhard, de la Torre, Walker, Waterbury, and Stahl 2005, 545.

Picoplankton diversity in an oligotrophic and high salinity environment in the central Adriatic Sea

“…This archaeon is known to have an obligate salt requirement, with optimal growth at 25 to 37‰ salinity and pronounced light sensitivity. Thus, it is expected to be found mostly in deeper layers of the sea; however, we recorded it at all stations and depths 47 . Candidatus Nitrosopelagicus , found in all samples in our survey but with the highest average relative abundances below 50 m, is also a chemolithoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizing archaeon that was only recently described as ubiquitously present in the open ocean with reported genomic and proteomic characterization 48 .…”

Transformation of organic matter in a Barents Sea sediment profile: coupled geochemical and microbiological processes

“…Similar positive correlations between modelled relative oxygen contribution, δ 15 N ( R = 0.89, p < 0.01), %N ( R = 0.93, p < 0.01) and %TOC ( R = 0.86, p < 0.01) were found, with similar but slightly weaker correlations between model-derived O 2 concentration depth profiles and δ 15 N ( R = 0.83, p < 0.01), %N ( R = 0.88, p < 0.01) and %TOC ( R = 0.84, p < 0.01) (electronic supplementary material, figure S3). Corroborative of the presence and depth-related consumption of molecular oxygen in the upper few cm (above approximately 9.5 cm) of the sediment, sequences related to aerobic ammonia oxidizers from the family Nitrosopumilaceae [57] followed a general declining trend from the top of the core to the base, although their abundance varied (figure 3). Nitrosopumilaceae was negatively correlated with TOC : N ratio ( R = 0.62, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with δ 15 N ( R = 0.91, p < 0.01) (electronic supplementary material, figure S4).…”

“…Highlighting links between organic matter quality and aerobic processes, there were positive correlations between CPI for n-alkanes and both measured (R = 0.81, p < 0.05) and modeled (R= 0.92, p < 0.01) O2 concentration depth-profiles (Supplements, Figure S2). oxidizers from the family Nitrosopumilaceae [57] followed a general declining trend from the top of the core to the base, although their abundance varied (Fig. 3).…”

Microbial Communities in a Flow-Through Fish Farm for Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) During Healthy Rearing Conditions

“…The inlet water was dominated by the marine bacteria SAR86 clade and OCS155 marine group, and the marine archaea “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus” and other genera within Marine Group 1. The taxa within each domain are associated with an aerobic and heterotrophic lifestyle (Dupont et al, 2012; West et al, 2016) or ammonia oxidation (Konneke et al, 2005; Swan et al, 2014; Qin et al, 2016), respectively. In contrast, the water in the fish tanks, both weaning- and grow-out tanks, were dominated by the bacterial taxa Polaribacter , Leucothrix , members of Flavobacteriaceae , Oleispira , Colwellia , Marinomonas , Pseudoalteromonas , Tenacibaculum , Vibrio , Mor- itella , Fluviicola , and Psychromonas ; where cultivated memb- ers are generally described as organoheterotrophic, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, psychrophilic or mesophilic micro- organisms with origin from marine environments (Yakimov et al, 2003; O’Sullivan et al, 2005; Urakawa, 2014; Bernardet, 2015; Bland and Brock, 2015; Bowman and McMeekin, 2015; Deming and Junge, 2015; Farmer et al, 2015; Sanchez-Amat and Solano, 2015; Staley, 2015; Suzuki, 2015; The Editorial Board, 2015; Dahal and Kim, 2018).…”