cis‐5‐olefinic unusual fatty acids in seed lipids of gymnospermae and their distribution in triacylglycerols

Abstract

Open-tubular gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acids in the lipids from the seeds of 20 species of Gymnospermae showed that they all contained nonmethylene-interrupted polyenoic (NMIP) acids as minor components and palmitic, oleie, linoleic and ~-linolenic acids as major components. The NMIP acids have an additional 5,6-ethylerdc bond in ordinary plant unsaturated fatty acids and the following C 2 elongation acids: eis-5, cis-9-octadeeadienoic acid (5,9-18:2) (I); 5,9,12-18:3 (II); 5,9,12,[15][16][17][18] 5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] 5,11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and 5,11,14,[17][18][19][20]. The main NMIP acids found in neutral lipids are I in two species of Taxus, II in seven species of Pinaceae, III in two species of Podocarpaceae, Torreya nucifera, Cycas revoluta, and Ginkgo biloba, and III and IV in each of three species of Taxodiaceae, and Cupressaceae. The polar lipids constitute the minor fraction of seed lipids in general. The content and composition of NMIP acids in these lipids differ considerably fromthose in neutral lipids. Analysis of the partial cleavage products of triacylglycerois showed that the NMIP acids distribute mainly in the 1,3-position.Lipids 17: 716-723, 1982.

Occurrence of Novel Nonmethylene-Interrupted C24Polyenoic Fatty Acids in Female Gonad Lipids of the LimpetCellana grata

“…3) The presence of 9,17-24:2, 9,15,18-24:3, 5,9,15,18-24:4, and 5,9,15,18,21-24:5 may not have been reported previously, although NMI fatty acids have been found not only in marine invertebrates, and also in plant seeds 9) and fungi species. 10) In the diene fraction, the mass spectrum (MS) of the DMOX derivative 9,17-24:2 gave a molecular ion at m=z 417, indicating the presence of a C 24 dienoic acid.…”

Biohydrogenation of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids by anaerobic bacteria

“…They are isomers of ␥ -linolenic acid and show various effects, such as the reduction of platelet aggregation by prostacyclin production, attenuation of the elevation of blood pressure, LDL lowering, and essential FA activity ( 9,11,12 ). Podocarpic acid ( cis -5, cis -11, cis -14-20:3) is a C 20 NMIFA that was found in Platycladus orientalis oil ( 10 ). It has been reported to show a reduction in the AA concentration in the phosphatidylinositol fraction of rat liver ( 13 ), which functions ( Fig.…”

Arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids in Araucariaceae, a unique feature among seed plants

“…Lipids from the seeds [3][4][5][6], leaves [7], and wood [8,9] of a great number of gymnosperm species are characterized by a particular class of fatty acids, the DELTA5-unsaturated polymethylene-interrupted fatty acids (DELTA5-UPIFA) (figure 1). These fatty acids occur in the seeds from all Coniferophyte families studied so far, encompassing approximately 180 species [3][4][5][6] (almost one-fourth of extant species).…”