<i>Ethylene‐responsive factor 4</i> is associated with the desirable rind hardness trait conferring cracking resistance in fresh fruits of watermelon

Liao, Nanqiao; Hu, Zhongyuan; Li, Yingying; Hao, Junfang; Chen, Shuna; Xue, Quan; Ma, Yuyuan; Zhang, Kejia; Mahmoud, Ahmed; Ali, Abid; Malangisha, Guy Kateta; Lyu, Xiaolong; Yang, Jinghua; Zhang, Mingfang

doi:10.1111/pbi.13276

Cited by 59 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Liao's research strongly supported Ethylene-responsive factor 4 (ERF4) was associated with rind hardness and cracking resistance in watermelon fruits [88]. In our study, DEGs also included ethylene, as well as cell wall and redox related genes.…”

Section: Lncrnas Regulate Tomato Fruit Cracking By Coordinating Gene supporting

confidence: 70%

LncRNA regulates tomato fruit cracking by coordinating gene expression via a hormone-redox-cell wall network

Xue

Sun

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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Background: Fruit cracking occurs easily under unsuitable environmental conditions and is one of the main types of damage that occurs in fruit production. It is widely accepted that plants have developed defence mechanisms and regulatory networks that respond to abiotic stress, which involves perceiving, integrating and responding to stress signals by modulating the expression of related genes. Fruit cracking is also a physiological disease caused by abiotic stress. It has been reported that a single or several genes may regulate fruit cracking. However, almost none of these reports have involved cracking regulatory networks. Results: Here, RNA expression in 0 h, 8 h and 30 h saturated irrigation-treated fruits from two contrasting tomato genotypes, 'LA1698' (cracking-resistant, CR) and 'LA2683' (cracking-susceptible, CS), was analysed by mRNA and lncRNA sequencing. The GO pathways of the differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly enriched in the 'hormone metabolic process', 'cell wall organization', 'oxidoreductase activity' and 'catalytic activity' categories. According to the gene expression analysis, significantly differentially expressed genes included Solyc02g080530.3 (Peroxide, POD), Solyc01g008710.3 (Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase, MAN), Solyc08g077910.3 (Expanded, EXP), Solyc09g075330.3 (Pectinesterase, PE), Solyc07g055990.3 (Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 7, XTH7), Solyc12g011030.2 (Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 9, XTH9), Solyc10g080210.2 (Polygalacturonase-2, PG2), Solyc08g081010.2 (Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, gamma-GCS), Solyc09g008720.2 (Ethylene receptor, ER), Solyc11g042560.2 (Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 4, ERF4) etc. In addition, the lncRNAs (XLOC_16662 and XLOC_033910, etc) regulated the expression of their neighbouring genes, and genes related to tomato cracking were selected to construct a lncRNA-mRNA network influencing tomato cracking. Conclusions:This study provides insight into the responsive network for water-induced cracking in tomato fruit. Specifically, lncRNAs regulate the hormone-redox-cell wall network, including plant hormone (auxin, ethylene) and ROS (H 2 O 2 ) signal transduction and many cell wall-related mRNAs (EXP, PG, XTH), as well as some lncRNAs (XLOC_ 16662 and XLOC_033910, etc.).

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Section: Lncrnas Regulate Tomato Fruit Cracking By Coordinating Gene supporting

confidence: 70%

LncRNA regulates tomato fruit cracking by coordinating gene expression via a hormone-redox-cell wall network

Xue

Sun

et al. 2020

BMC Plant Biol

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show abstract

“…For example, for XLOC_033910 (Fig. 6c) Liao's research strongly supported Ethylene-responsive factor 4 (ERF4) was associated with rind hardness and cracking resistance in watermelon fruits [89]. In our study, DEGs also included ethylene, as well as cell wall and redox related genes.…”

Section: Lncrnas Regulate Tomato Fruit Cracking By Coordinating Gene supporting

confidence: 75%

LncRNA regulates tomato fruit cracking by coordinating gene expression via a hormone-redox-cell wall network

Xue

Sun

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Fruit cracking occurs easily under unsuitable environmental conditions and is one of the main types of damage that occurs in fruit production. It is widely accepted that plants have developed defence mechanisms and regulatory networks that respond to abiotic stress, which involves perceiving, integrating and responding to stress signals by modulating the expression of related genes. Fruit cracking is also a physiological disease caused by abiotic stress. It has been reported that a single or several genes may regulate fruit cracking. However, almost none of these reports have involved cracking regulatory networks. Results Here, RNA expression in 0 h, 8 h and 30 h saturated irrigation-treated fruits from two contrasting tomato genotypes, ‘LA1698’ (cracking-resistant, CR) and ‘LA2683’ (cracking-susceptible, CS), was analysed by mRNA and lncRNA sequencing. The GO pathways of the differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly enriched in the ‘hormone metabolic process’, ‘cell wall organization’, ‘oxidoreductase activity’ and ‘catalytic activity’ categories. According to the gene expression analysis, significantly differentially expressed genes included Solyc02g080530.3 ( Peroxide, POD ), Solyc01g008710.3 ( Mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase, MAN ), Solyc08g077910.3 ( Expanded, EXP ), Solyc09g075330.3 ( Pectinesterase , PE ), Solyc07g055990.3 ( Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 7, XTH7 ), Solyc12g011030.2 ( X yloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 9 , XTH9 ), Solyc10g080210.2 ( Polygalacturonase-2, PG2 ), Solyc08g081010.2 ( Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, gamma-GCS ), Solyc09g008720.2 ( Ethylene receptor , ER ), Solyc11g042560.2 ( Ethylene-responsive transcription factor 4, ERF4 ) etc. In addition, the lncRNAs (XLOC_16662 and XLOC_033910, etc) regulated the expression of their neighbouring genes, and genes related to tomato cracking were selected to construct a lncRNA-mRNA network influencing tomato cracking. Conclusions This study provides insight into the responsive network for water-induced cracking in tomato fruit. Specifically, lncRNAs regulate the hormone-redox-cell wall network, including plant hormone (auxin, ethylene) and ROS (H 2 O 2 ) signal transduction and many cell wall-related mRNAs ( EXP, PG, XTH ), as well as some lncRNAs ( XLOC_16662 and XLOC_033910, etc.).

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“…Similarly, the knockdown of SlDCR resulted in the disrupted epidermal layer of tomato with changes of lignin, suberin, phenylpropanoids and fatty acids [ 12 , 13 ]. Many investigations indicated that polyphenolic exhibited important roles in regulating fruit skin cracking and ensuring superior quality and freshness [ 12 , 14 ]. Vulavala et al revealed that lignin and suberin are involved in potato periderm formation and maturation, and that the phellogen may affect the incomplete skin-set and skin injuries [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cysteine-Rich Peptide Snakin-2 Negatively Regulates Tubers Sprouting through Modulating Lignin Biosynthesis and H2O2 Accumulation in Potato

Deng

Peng

Zhang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Potato tuber dormancy is critical for the post-harvest quality. Snakin/Gibberellic Acid Stimulated in Arabidopsis (GASA) family genes are involved in the plants’ defense against pathogens and in growth and development, but the effect of Snakin-2 (SN2) on tuber dormancy and sprouting is largely unknown. In this study, a transgenic approach was applied to manipulate the expression level of SN2 in tubers, and it demonstrated that StSN2 significantly controlled tuber sprouting, and silencing StSN2 resulted in a release of dormancy and overexpressing tubers showed a longer dormant period than that of the control. Further analyses revealed that the decrease expression level accelerated skin cracking and water loss. Metabolite analyses revealed that StSN2 significantly down-regulated the accumulation of lignin precursors in the periderm, and the change of lignin content was documented, a finding which was consistent with the precursors’ level. Subsequently, proteomics found that cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) and peroxidase (Prx), the key proteins for lignin synthesis, were significantly up-regulated in silencing lines, and gene expression and enzyme activity analyses also supported this effect. Interestingly, we found that StSN2 physically interacts with three peroxidases catalyzing the oxidation and polymerization of lignin. In addition, SN2 altered the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). These results suggest that StSN2 negatively regulates lignin biosynthesis and H2O2 accumulation, and ultimately inhibits the sprouting of potato tubers.

show abstract

Ethylene‐responsive factor 4 is associated with the desirable rind hardness trait conferring cracking resistance in fresh fruits of watermelon

Cited by 59 publications

References 50 publications

LncRNA regulates tomato fruit cracking by coordinating gene expression via a hormone-redox-cell wall network

LncRNA regulates tomato fruit cracking by coordinating gene expression via a hormone-redox-cell wall network

LncRNA regulates tomato fruit cracking by coordinating gene expression via a hormone-redox-cell wall network

The Cysteine-Rich Peptide Snakin-2 Negatively Regulates Tubers Sprouting through Modulating Lignin Biosynthesis and H2O2 Accumulation in Potato

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