Ganoderma lucidumAmeliorates Neurobehavioral Changes and Oxidative Stress Induced by Ethanol Binge Drinking

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum, mushroom used for centuries by Asian peoples as food supplement, has been shown interesting biological activities, including over the Central Nervous System. Besides, these mushroom bioactive compounds present antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. On the side, binge drinking paradigm consists of ethanol exposure that reflects the usual consumption of adolescents, which elicits deleterious effects, determined by high ethanol consumption, in a short period. In this study, we investigated whether the Aqueous Extract of G. lucidum (AEGl) reduces the behavioral disorders induced by alcohol. Male (n=30) and female Wistar rats (n=40), seventy-two days old, were used for behavioral/biochemical and oral toxicity test, respectively. Animals were exposed to 5 binges (beginning at 35 days old) of ethanol (3 g/kg/day) or distilled water. Twenty-four hours after the last binge administration, animals received AEGl (100 mg/kg/day) or distilled water for three consecutive days. After treatment protocol, open field, elevated plus maze, forced swim, and step-down inhibitory avoidance tests were performed. Oxidative stress parameters were measured to evaluate the REDOX balance. Our results demonstrated that AEGl elicited the recovery of spontaneous horizontal exploration capacity, anxiogenic- and depressive-profile, as well as short-term memory damage induced by binge-ethanol exposure. The behavioral effects of the extract were associated to the reequilibrium of the animals’ REDOX balance. Thus, AEGl, a medicinal mushroom, ameliorates behavioral alteration on a model of motor, cognitive and psychiatric-like disorders induced by binge drinking paradigm and emerges as a useful tool as a food supplement in the management of disorders of alcoholic origin.

Chemical Fingerprinting, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Hydroethanolic Extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum

“…Myeloperoxidase is an enzyme found in leucocytes, involved in the formation of a wide range of reactive oxygen species [ 85 ]. MPO-derived oxidants have been shown to lead to tissue damage during inflammation [ 42 , 43 ]. Tissue damage related to oxidative stress can be reversed via the CAT and SOD enzyme.…”

“…Oxidative stress markers, including total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and lipid peroxidation markers, i.e., myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), along with superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) level in air pouch, exudate and peritoneal fluid, were also measured [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”

Therapeutic Potential of Selected Medicinal Plants Against Carrageenan Induced Inflammation in Rats

“…50 The blood glucose and lipid profile were also recorded for evaluation of metabolic states in relation to metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. 51 Increased concentrations of BUN and creatinine in blood are a sign of renal toxicity due to improper removal of waste substances by the damaged kidneys. 52 Treatment of rats with tested plants extract has not caused variation in serum BUN and creatinine level as compared to control or untreated group, suggesting no significant (P > .05) alterations in kidney function after treatment with tested plants extract.…”

Changes in Affective Behavior and Oxidative Stress after Binge Alcohol in Male and Female Rats

“…Lipid peroxidation is one sign of oxidative damage that arises in the brain due to excessive alcohol consumption [ 19 , 21 , 60 ]. This pattern of toxicity in neurons can promote a pro-inflammatory environment that leads to neuronal loss and behavioral deficits [ 36 ].…”