“…Many limitations must, however, be acknowledged, such as the multifactorial etiology and lack of specificity of the markers, problems of equivalence between contemporary references and historical cases, or the relevance of the various scoring methods (e.g., Dutour, 1992;Jurmain et al, 2012). Besides those research areas, and even though they are more anecdotal by nature, traumatic injuries can also be of particular interest in the study of past populations as they mostly result from conflicts or natural accidents, thus providing insights into the environment in which evolved the individuals as well as their activities and behaviors (e.g., Buzon & Richman, 2007;Coqueugniot et al, 2014;Coutinho Nogueira et al, 2019;de la Cova, 2012;Henderson, 2009;Jurmain, 1999;Knüsel & Smith, 2014;Krakowka, 2017;Larsen, 1997;Martin, 1997;Martin & Harrod, 2015;Milner et al, 1991;Paine et al, 2007;P alfi, 1992;Scaffidi & Tung, 2020;Standen et al, 2020;Stirland, 1996;Torres-Rouff & Costa Junqueira, 2006;Tung, 2007;Williamson et al, 2003). Among all specific activities that have been investigated by bioarchaeologists, horse riding practice, in particular, is of major importance as it brought profound and lasting changes in the history of human cultural evolution concerning crucial aspects such as trade, settlement, warfare, subsistence, social organization, and political ideology (Anthony, 2007;Anthony & Brown, 1991).…”