“…Some immersed boundary examples that illustrate this variety include cardiovascular dynamics [23,24], aquatic locomotion [25,26], insect flight [27,11], parachute dynamics [28], muscle-fluid-structure interactions [29,22,30], plant biomechanics [31,32], soap filaments [33,34], and cellular and other microscale interactions [35,36,37,38]. Furthermore, the IB framework invites one to add other constitutive models such as electrophysiology, cellular signaling, or chemical reaction equations into the FSI framework [39,37,29,40,41,42,43,44,1,45].…”