In situmonitoring of the electrochemical dissolution of tungsten

Abstract

In the present work, which is aimed to monitor in situ the electrochemical dissolution of tungsten by using a Flow-Type Scanning Droplet Cell Microscope (FT-SDCM) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), novel results are reported. The anodic oxide growth and its dissolution on the surface of W have been monitored in situ.The results of this current study show the importance of coupling electrochemical experiments to ICP-MS.

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) based 3D printing of microelectrodes and multi-electrode probes

“…The Cu and W microelectrodes are measured in mild PBS (pH = 7.4) solution instead of strong acid for less cycles due to the ease of oxidation. Oxidation peaks can be seen for both metals, which reasonably indicate the good status of the electrodes [22,26,27].…”

Review on the Versatility of Tungsten Oxide Coatings

“…Vergé et al studied the formation in 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 + 0.4 M Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte of anodically grown oxide on both bulk and sputter deposited W films using stationary and rotating disk electrodes. Various analytical techniques were employed in order to acquire in depth information about the growth/dissolution of oxides . Photoelectrochemical anodization of a W foil in a two‐electrode setup at 50 V under illumination up to several hours led to the formation of a thick (2.6 μm) nanoporous WO 3 film with enhanced photocurrent response…”

“…Hydrogen release takes place at the cathode (e.g., platinum foil, wire, or mesh) while at the anode (metallic tungsten) oxygen is formed leading to the formation of a tungsten oxide layer. Cristino et al [65] proposed that the oxidation occurs via multiple reactions involving at first formation of oxides with mixed stoichiometries (WO 2 [66,67] Photoelectrochemical anodization of a W foil in a two-electrode setup at 50 V under illumination up to several hours led to the formation of a thick (2.6 μm) nanoporous WO 3 film with enhanced photocurrent response. [68] Kalantar-zadeh and co-workers obtained 3D nanoporous WO 3 layers by anodizing sputter deposited W films in an electrolyte containing ethylene glycol with NH 4 F (Figure 7).…”

Atomic Emission Spectroelectrochemistry: Real-Time Rate Measurements of Dissolution, Corrosion, and Passivation

“…Continuous in-line experiments have been conducted using ICP-MS in particular using a scanning droplet cell (SDC) as developed at the Max Planck Institute in Düsselorf by Klemm, et al [25][26][27][28] Using either the SDC or a conventional flow cell, ICP-MS has been used to investigate the corrosion of Mg, Al, and Ni alloys, [29][30][31][32][33][34] the kinetics of the degradation of heterogeneous catalysts, [26][27][35][36][37][38] and to detect partial currents during anodization. [39][40][41][42][43][44] Recently, Lopes, et al, 45 moved away from the flow cell technique to directly sample the electrolyte in the vicinity of a rotating disk electrode with transfer to an ICP-MS to investigate the dissolution of Pt single crystals.…”