In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against dermatophytes isolated in <scp>T</scp>okat, <scp>T</scp>urkey

Yenişehirli, Gülgün; Tunçoğlu, Ebru; Yenişehirli, Aydan; Bulut, Yunus Emre

doi:10.1111/ijd.12100

Cited by 35 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Up until now, few reports have evaluated in vitro activity of some antifungal agents against dermatophyte species in Iran [35][36][37][38]. Our results show similarity to some previous studies [9,[39][40][41][42][43] and also in contrast to some other reports [38,44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Although early studies suggested that the antifungal drugs effective against one species are generally effective against others [6], several reports have shown that different species of dermatophytes have variable susceptibilities to various antifungal drugs [7][8][9]. The infecting species along with the location of the infection and the rate of drug accessibility to infected tissue are major factors that need to be considered for an appropriate treatment [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of 316 Clinical Isolates of Dermatophytes in Iran

et al. 2015

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Dermatophytosis is a common mycotic infection of the skin, nail, and hair, associated with major public health concern worldwide. Various species of dermatophytes show significant differences in susceptibility to antifungals. Here, we present the antifungal susceptibility of a large collection of molecularly identified dermatophyte isolates obtained from tropical region of south of Iran. A total of 9485 patients clinically suspected to have cutaneous fungal infections were examined. Dermatophytosis was confirmed in 1502 cases by direct microscopy and culture. Three hundred and sixteen isolates recovered in culture were identified to species level using PCR sequencing of ITS region and RFLP. Tinea corporis was the most prevalent type of clinical manifestation (35.2 %), followed by tinea cruris (17 %), tinea capitis (12.8 %), tinea pedis (11.3 %), tinea manuum (11 %), tinea unguium (6.9 %), and tinea barbae (5.8 %). Trichophyton interdigitale was the most common isolate (49.36 %), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (18.98 %), Epidermophyton floccosum (13.29 %), Microsporum canis (9.17 %), Arthroderma benhamiae (T. anamorph of A. benhamiae; 5.38 %), and Trichophyton tonsurans (3.79 %). Overall, irrespective of the geographical region, terbinafine was the most potent antifungal against all isolates, with an MIC range of 0.002-0.25 μg/mL, followed by itraconazole (0.004-0.5 μg/mL), griseofulvin (0.125-8 μg/mL), and fluconazole (4-128 μg/mL). Analysis of our data revealed a significant increase in the frequency of A.benhamiae, which definitely warrants further investigation to explore source of this infection in south of Iran. Moreover, terbinafine was the most effective antifungal against all isolates, in vitro.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of 316 Clinical Isolates of Dermatophytes in Iran

et al. 2015

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“…Griseofulvin was the first-line antifungal agent for the treatment of dermatophytoses for many years, but today, it is not widely used (4), due to griseofulvin-resistant isolates of dermatophytes and the existence of strains with elevated MICs to griseofulvin (6,(25)(26)(27). With our results, the MICs of griseofulvin for T. rubrum were in agreement with those reported by Adimi et al (7) and Perea et al (18).…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…For many years, griseofulvin was the only approved systemic antidermatophytic agent (4). However, nowadays, many potent antifungal agents are available for the treatment of dermatophytosis, such as allylamines and triazoles, which have more potent activity and fewer side effects (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). The expansion of information on in vitro susceptibility testing of dermatophytes to new antifungal agents will help in the selection and development of antifungal drug regimens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the In Vitro Activities of Newer Triazoles and Established Antifungal Agents against Trichophyton rubrum

Deng

Zhang

Seyedmousavi

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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D ermatophytosis caused byTrichophyton rubrum is the most common cutaneous fungal infection worldwide (1), which represents the cause of between 80% and 90% of all chronic and recurrent infections (2). These infections establish an important public health problem because of the prolonged treatment required for the disease, because of the frequent recurrence of infection, and because they are generally considered difficult to manage (3). Reliable in vitro susceptibility testing would therefore be useful for selecting the most suitable antifungal treatment. For many years, griseofulvin was the only approved systemic antidermatophytic agent (4). However, nowadays, many potent antifungal agents are available for the treatment of dermatophytosis, such as allylamines and triazoles, which have more potent activity and fewer side effects (5-19). The expansion of information on in vitro susceptibility testing of dermatophytes to new antifungal agents will help in the selection and development of antifungal drug regimens.The aim of the current study was to compare in vitro the activities of three newer triazoles, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, and four established antifungal agents against T. rubrum infection. One hundred eleven clinical isolates of T. rubrum were collected from seven dermatology clinics in Shanghai, China. Morphological identifications were confirmed by sequence-based analysis of the internal transcribed spacer of the rRNA gene region. The in vitro activities of seven antifungal agents were determined according to the CLSI reference guideline M38-A2 (20), with minor modifications. Two reference strains, Trichophyton mentagrophytes (strain ATCC MYA-4439) and Candida parapsilosis (strain ATCC 22019), were included as quality controls. Student's t test with the statistical SPSS package (version 9.0) was used, and P values of Ͻ0.05 were considered statistically significant. Table 1 lists the MIC ranges, geometric mean (GM) MICs, MIC 50 s, and MIC 90 s of seven antifungal agents against 111 T. rubrum strains. Terbinafine, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, and griseofulvin had low MICs against all tested strains, whereas fluconazole did not show inhibitory effects. Similar results have been achieved in other studies (Table 2); however, limited data are available for the newer triazoles isavuconazole and posaconazole.Terbinafine was one of the most effective antifungal agents against T. rubrum among the 7 fungal agents tested, and our findings confirm those of previous studies (5-19) ( Table 2). We compared the in vitro activities of the 3 newer triazoles isavuconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole with that of itraconazole. Three newer triazoles offered good in vitro activity against T. rubrum (Table 1). All isolates were far more susceptible to the 3 newer triazoles than to itraconazole (Table 1) and comparable to those reported by other studies (7,9,10,14,17,18).Isavuconazole is a novel broad-spectrum triazole agent and has the same mechanism of action as the other tr...

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“…4 Lately however, it has fallen out of favour due to rise in Griseofulvin-resistant isolates of dermatophytes and existence of strains with elevated MIC levels to Griseofulvin. [5][6][7][8] Consequently, allylamines and triazoles with higher efficacies, less side effects and a shorter duration of treatment have become the mainstay of management of most superficial mycoses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatomycosis in a tertiary care hospital of North India

Budhiraja

Sharma

et al. 2018

Int J Res Dermatol

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Background: Dermatomycoses affect the outer layers of the skin, nails and hair without tissue invasion and are often caused by dermatophytic molds, candida & non dermatophytic molds. Although not dangerous, they are important as a public health problem particularly in the immunocompromised. There are limited studies on the efficacy of antifungal agents against dermatophytes in North India.Methods: This study was conducted to test the efficacy of 5 systemic antifungal agents viz. voriconazole, itraconazole, terbinafine, fluconazole & griseofulvin using Microbroth dilution technique.Results: Three different species of dermatophytes which were isolated from the clinically suspected cases were Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum and M. gypseum. According to the obtained results, Itraconazole and Voriconazole showed the lowest MIC range while Fluconazole and Griseofulvin had the highest MIC range for most fungi tested.Conclusions: Despite several treatment options being available for cutaneous fungal infections, due to an inappropriate response, there is an increasing need for determining an antifungal susceptibility profile for specific fungal strains. This will enable the clinician to select an appropriate antifungal agent with minimal side effects to avoid antifungal resistance and treatment failure.

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In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against dermatophytes isolated in Tokat, Turkey

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Molecular Characterization and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of 316 Clinical Isolates of Dermatophytes in Iran

Molecular Characterization and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of 316 Clinical Isolates of Dermatophytes in Iran

Comparison of the In Vitro Activities of Newer Triazoles and Established Antifungal Agents against Trichophyton rubrum

Antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatomycosis in a tertiary care hospital of North India

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