<i>In vitro</i>activity of gentamicin as an adjunct to penicillin against biofilm group B<i>Streptococcus</i>

Ruppen, Corinne; Hemphill, Andrew; Sendi, Parham

doi:10.1093/jac/dkw447

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It was reported that some clonal complexes of S. agalactiae were shared between cows and farm personnel, indicating the zoonotic potential of this species (Cobo-Angel et al, 2019). These pathogens are also producers of biofilms (Gomes et al, 2016;Reinoso, 2017;Alves-Barroco et al, 2019;Horiuk et al, 2019), and this virulence characteristic has been associated with persistent infections and development of antibiotic resistance (Olson et al, 2002;Ruppen et al, 2017).…”

Section: Clinical and Veterinary Relevance Of Pyogenic Biofilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

et al. 2020

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Biofilms are generally defined as communities of cells involved in a self-produced extracellular matrix adhered to a surface. In biofilms, the bacteria are less sensitive to host defense mechanisms and antimicrobial agents, due to multiple strategies, that involve modulation of gene expression, controlled metabolic rate, intercellular communication, composition, and 3D architecture of the extracellular matrix. These factors play a key role in streptococci pathogenesis, contributing to therapy failure and promoting persistent infections. The species of the pyogenic group together with Streptococcus pneumoniae are the major pathogens belonging the genus Streptococcus, and its biofilm growth has been investigated, but insights in the genetic origin of biofilm formation are limited. This review summarizes pyogenic streptococci biofilms with details on constitution, formation, and virulence factors associated with formation.

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Section: Clinical and Veterinary Relevance Of Pyogenic Biofilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

et al. 2020

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“…The observed effective gentamicin doses cannot be achieved in bone tissue with systemic administration. Comparable conclusions have been made from several in vitro studies of biofilm susceptibility (21). To meet the demand for high and long-term antimicrobial bone concentrations without reaching toxic serum levels, several commercial local delivery systems are available for infectious orthopedic surgery (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Gentamicin Susceptibility Test for Prevention of Bacterial Biofilms in Bone Tissue and on Implants

Jensen

Bjarnsholt

Kragh

et al. 2019

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The objective of this study was to set up anin vivogentamicin susceptibility test for biofilm prevention in bone tissue and on implants. Twenty-five pigs were allocated to six groups. Pigs in group A (n= 6) were inoculated with saline. Pigs in groups B (n= 6), C (n= 3), D (n= 3), E (n= 3), and F (n= 4) were inoculated with 10 μl saline containing 104CFU ofStaphylococcus aureus. Different concentrations based on the MIC of gentamicin for the specific strain were added to the 10-μl inoculum for groups C (160× MIC), D (1,600× MIC), E (16,000× MIC), and F (160,000× MIC). The inocula were injected into a predrilled tibial implant cavity, followed by insertion of a steel implant (2 by 15 mm). The pigs were euthanized after 5 days.In vitro, all the doses used were found to be bactericidal after up to 6 h. All implant cavities of pigs inoculated with bacteria and bacteria plus 160× MIC or 1,600× MIC of gentamicin were positive forS. aureus. In animals in each of groups E (16,000× MIC) and F (160,000× MIC), 2/3 and 1/4 of the implant cavities wereS. aureuspositive, respectively. By grouping groups C and D (<10,000× MIC) and groups E and F (>10,000× MIC), a significant decrease in the number of implant-attached bacteria was seen only between the high-MIC-value group and group B. Histologically, it was demonstrated that 1,600×, 16,000×, and 160,000× MIC resulted in a peri-implant tissue reaction comparable to that in saline-inoculated animals.In vivo, the antimicrobial tolerance of the inoculated planktonic bacteria was increased byin vivo-specific factors of acute inflammation. This resulted in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation, which further increased the gentamicin tolerance. Thus, susceptibility patternsin vitromight not reflect the actualin vivosusceptibility locally within a developing infectious area.

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“…However, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. may display high-level gentamicin resistance (62,83).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Of Biofilm Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Medicine in the Diagnosis and Management of Orthopedic Biofilm Infections

Baldan

Sendi

2020

Front. Med.

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In vitroactivity of gentamicin as an adjunct to penicillin against biofilm group BStreptococcus

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

Singularities of Pyogenic Streptococcal Biofilms – From Formation to Health Implication

In Vivo Gentamicin Susceptibility Test for Prevention of Bacterial Biofilms in Bone Tissue and on Implants

Precision Medicine in the Diagnosis and Management of Orthopedic Biofilm Infections

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