In vitro and in vivo evaluation of SLA titanium surfaces with further alkali or hydrogen peroxide and heat treatment

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of titanium surfaces sandblasted with large-grit corundum and acid etched (SLA) plus further alkali or hydrogen peroxide and heat treatment for dental implant application. Pure titanium disks were mechanically polished as control surface (Ti-control) and then sandblasted with large-grit corundum and acid etched (SLA). Further chemical modifications were conducted using alkali and heat treatment (ASLA) and hydrogen peroxide and heat treatment (HSLA) alternatively. The surface properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle and roughness measurements. Further evaluation of surface bioactivity was conducted by MC3T3-E1 cell attachment, proliferation, morphology, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition on the sample surfaces. After insertion in the beagle's mandibula for a specific period, cylindrical implant samples underwent micro-CT examination and then histological examination. It was found that ASLA and HSLA surfaces significantly increased the surface wettability and MC3T3-E1 cell attachment percentage, ALP activity and the quality of calcium deposition in comparison with simple SLA and Ti-control surfaces. Animal studies showed good osseointegration of ASLA and HSLA surfaces with host bone. In conclusion, ASLA and HSLA surfaces enhanced the bioactivity of the traditional SLA surface by integrating the advantages of surface topography, composition and wettability.

Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Implant Surfaces With or Without High Surface Free Energy: Experimental and Clinical Background

“…In the literature, several procedures have been described to affect the surface chemistry and to induce an increased surface hydrophilicity and surface free energy of titanium implant surfaces, for example, surface treatment with alkali or hydrogen peroxide in combination with heat [ 6 ], implant surface treatment with ultraviolet light for 15 min just prior to implant placement ("photofunctionalization" [ 7 , 8 ]), implant surface conditioning with a highly diluted sodium hydroxide solution just prior to implant placement [ 9 , 10 ], or, after sandblasting and acid-etching, rinsing the implant under N 2 protection and continuously storing of implant in isotonic sodium chloride (NaCl) solution [ 2 , 11 , 12 ]. The latter procedure describes the further developed manufacturing process (SLActive ® , Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) of the well-known and highly successful SLA ® implant surface.…”

Experimental studies on spalling characteristics of Indian lignite coal in context of underground coal gasification

“…The evidence of spalling comes from the post combustion excavation studies of UCG field trials as reported by Cena et al [2] and also from observations made in small scale laboratory experiments as reported by Daggupati et al [3]. During the early stages of UCG process, cavity growth mainly occurs due to the consumption of coal by chemical reaction [4]. Once the cavity gains a considerably large size, the cavity growth occurs due to spalling, mainly in vertical direction [5].…”

Biomaterials

“…As understood from those results; alkali treatment can be attributed as less aggressive than acid etching method, but can be used following acid treatment and forms nanoroughness on the titanium surface that can attract bone cells to attach on. Hydrogen peroxide, likewise alkali treatment, and heat treatment can improve cell adhesion and create hydrophilic nature for titanium [112]. Moreover; alkali (NaOH) treated titanium surfaces can induce biomimetic apatite debris formation on the implant surface, which can be attributed as chemical binding of titanium and bony apatite.…”