In vitro Antifungal Activity of Essential oils and Major Components against Fungi Plant Pathogens

Abstract

The indiscriminate use of synthetic fungicides has caused several problems to the environment, which place human and animal health at risk. Due to this fact, the search for natural alternatives to control phytopathogenic fungi growth has increased. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal activity of two essential oils (EOs) and three major components of EOs on the radial growth and spore germination of Fusarium verticillioides and Alternaria tenuissima. Minimum and half‐maximal inhibitory concentrations (CMI and CI50) at 96 h for each treatment were calculated. Lemongrass EO and citral caused the highest inhibition for A. tenuissima (CMI of 1000 μl/l and CI50 of 10 μl/l). For F. verticillioides, the most effective component was geraniol (CMI and CI50 of 1000 and 250 μl/l, respectively). Spore germination rate was delayed by the EOs and major components tested. The use of EOs was effective to control these two fungal species in their different grow stages.

Essential oil from Sabina chinensis leaves: A promising green control agent against Fusarium sp.

“…Importantly, EO contain complicated components and show multiple target synergistic effects to exert antipathogen effects, so it is not easy to develop drug resistance (Hou et al, 2022). Furthermore, some constituents occurring in the EO, including carvacrol and thymol (Zhao et al, 2021), viridiflorol, pinocarveol, bornyl acetate, ledol (El Karkouri et al, 2021, citral and geraniol (Loṕez-Meneses et al, 2017), have been found to have antifungal activity. It has been previously reported that many species are important EO sources and have potent antimicrobial effects, such as Allium sativum, Foeniculum vulgare (Li et al, 2022a), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Gakuubi et al, 2017), and Artemisia annua (Ma et al, 2019), but Sabina chinensis is relatively unknown.…”

Cinnamomum cassiaessential oil and (E)‐cinnamaldehyde as control agents of anthracnose on common bean seeds

“…In general, strategies that make use of natural substances may be more sustainable, for example, the essential oils. In several cases, the control of phytopathogenic fungi occurs through the direct action of essential oil or/and its components against the fungus (Bhardwaja et al, 2015; Kumar & Kudachikar, 2018; López‐Meneses et al, 2017).…”

Evaluation the Effectiveness of Different Concentrations Phenols, Alkaloids and Terpenes Extracted from Pimpinella anisum against Phytophthora Fungi.

“…Secondary metabolites include saponins, phenols, flavonoids, lignans, alkaloids, terpenes, plant steroids, curcuminoids, flavonoids, and glucosides [6]. These compounds possess biological properties such as detoxifying [7]. The absence of these compounds does not lead to instant death, but rather to the weakening of the organism [8].…”