In vitro antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of Manilkara kauki

Abstract

Manilkara kauki L. Dubard is a tropical plant in the genus Manilkara of family Sapotaceae. This study investigated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant and antityrosinase activities in different parts of M. kauki (fruits, leaves, seeds, stem barks and woods) and in fractions of stem barks. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the methanol and aqueous crude extracts of different parts of M. kauki ranged from 10.87 to 176.56 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents) per gram of crude extract and 14.33 to 821.67 mg QE (quercetin equivalents) per gram of crude extract, resp. Leaves and stem barks exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities than fruits, seeds and woods. Stem barks were sequentially extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water and then the fractionated extracts were subjected to antioxidant and antityrosinase activities testing. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of stem barks exhibited higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant and antityrosinase activities than the n-hexane and aqueous extracts. Moreover, ethyl acetate extract of M. kauki stem exhibited the highest antityrosinase activity. It may be a potential source of tyrosinase inhibitors for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.

Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Anti-obesity Potential of Ipomoea reptans Poir Leaves

“…Previous studies have also reported similar findings in which higher TFC than TPC was obtained (Srisupap & Chaicharoenpong, 2021;Ling et al, 2019). However, researchers have not found a more definitive explanation for why this phenomenon can occur and open the possibility of further research to find the cause.…”

Searching for Natural Plants with Antimelanogenesis and Antityrosinase Properties for Cosmeceutical or Nutricosmetics Applications: A Systematic Review

“…Based on Srisupap and Chaicharoenpong, the methanol extract of Manilkara kauki stem barks showed the lowest IC 50 value of tyrosinase inhibition, 0.25 ± 0.03 mg/mL, followed by water extract of Manilkara kauki stem barks, 0.41 ± 0.01 mg/mL. 15 Overall, methanol extracts showed a lower IC 50 of tyrosinase inhibition compared with the water extracts. The same tyrosinase inhibitory trend was found in both extraction methods, which followed the order of stem barks > leaves > fruits > seeds, while woods showed no inhibitory activity at all.…”

“…Viet et al reported the antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of Celastrus hindsii leaf extracts (α-amyrin and β-amyrin). 36 The tyrosinase inhibition IC 50 of α-amyrin and β-amyrin was 178.85 ± 3.28 μg/mL, while the IC 50 for positive control of kojic acid was 15 37 The results found that the leaves exhibited higher antityrosinase activities in both monophenolase and diphenolase assays with an inhibition IC 50 of 167 ± 18 and 70 ± 7 μg/mL, respectively, compared to the branches with tyrosinase monophenolase inhibition IC 50 of 268 ± 24 and 91 ± 8 μg/mL in a tyrosinase diphenolase assay. Similar results were found in the antioxidant assays, as leaves exhibited great DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities with IC 50 values of 78 ± 13 and 117 ± 16 μg/mL, respectively.…”

“…The same tyrosinase inhibitory trend was found in both extraction methods, which followed the order of stem barks > leaves > fruits > seeds, while woods showed no inhibitory activity at all. In the DPPH assay, methanol extract of stem barks showed the highest radical scavenging activity of 57.87 ± 0.27%, followed by water extract of leaves (55.49 ± 0.06%), methanol extract of leaves (47.01 ± 0.14%), and methanol extract of woods (43.51 ± 0.27%) (15). On the other hand, the methanol extract of stem barks also exhibited the strongest FRAP activity with 211.59 ± 1.40 mg TE g −1 crude extract, followed by water extract of leaves, with 219.37 ± 0.32 mg TE g −1 crude extract.…”

“…13,14 Various phytochemicals and plant extracts have been discovered to be less toxic and exhibit numerous biological properties. 15 Thus, the studies involving the investigation of antimelanogenesis, antityrosinase, and antioxidant activities of plants are crucial to discovering their potential whitening benefits toward human skin. In this systematic review, the antimelanogenesis, antityrosinase, antioxidant, and other biological activities of various natural plant species for the development of natural product-based skin-lightening agents were summarized.…”