In vitro release of salicylic acid through poly(vinyl alcohol‐g‐itaconic acid) membranes

Abstract

In this study, itaconic acid (IA) was grafted on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at two different grafting percentages, 7.0% (w/w) and 14.0% (w/w), and membranes were prepared from the grafted copolymer (PVA-g-IA). Performances of PVA and PVA-g-IA membranes for the transdermal release of salicylic acid (SA) at in vitro conditions were investigated by using 2.0 mg/mL SA solutions. Effect of the pH on the release of SA was studied by keeping pH of donor and acceptor solutions in a range of (2.1-7.4). Permeation studies were also carried on at different SA concentrations. Effect of temperature on the release of SA was investigated in the temperature range of (32-39) (61)8C. Results showed that presence of IA decreased the release of SA from the PVA membranes and 73% SA was released at the end of 48 h at (32 6 1)8C from the IA-1 membranes. pH affected the release of SA through the grafted membranes and studies showed that release of SA was high with donor solution pH of 2.1. When the pH of donor and receiver solutions were kept at the same pH value, the overall SA% in permeate increased. Increase in concentration of SA decreased the release of SA for the studied membranes. Release of SA from PVA-g-IA membranes was temperature sensitive and increase in temperature from (32 6 1)8C to (39 6 1)8C increased the release percentage of SA by 24% (w/w). The overall activation energy for the permeation of SA through IA-1 membrane was found to be 22.97 kJ/mol.

Water‐selective Membrane from Crosslinking of Poly(vinyl alcohol) with Tartaric Acid and Its Pervaporation Separation Characteristics for a Water/Acetic Acid Mixture

“…A characteristic band at 3320–3300 cm −1 was observed corresponding to the OH stretching vibration of the PVA hydroxyl groups. Signals were also observed at 1735 cm −1 and 1300–1000 cm −1 corresponding to both the CO stretching vibration and the CO stretching vibration of the ester linkage, respectively . As expected, the intensity of both signals increased with TA content, due to an increase in esterification.…”

Crossflow filtration of iron(III), copper(II), and cadmium(II) aqueous solutions with alginic acid/cellulose composite membranes

“…Asman and Şanlı25 studied the ultrafiltration of Fe(III) solutions in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) with modified poly(methyl methacrylate‐ co ‐methacrylic acid) membranes. They concluded that retention was low because of the mostly un‐ionized poly(methacrylic acid) units of the membrane at low pH values.…”

Poly(2-acrylamido glycolic acid): A water-soluble polymer with ability to interact with metal ions in homogenous phase

“…The separation process will be successful if the polymer reagent employed meet the following requirements [5]: high affinity towards the target metal ion, inactivity towards the non-target metal ion, high molecular mass, possibility of regeneration, chemical and mechanical stability, low toxicity, and low cost. Considering these requirements, basic, neutral, and acid hydrophilic polymers have been designed and investigated respect to the analytical determination of metal ions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. These WSPs can be synthesized by different routes such as radical, cationic, and spontaneous polymerization, but the most usual synthetic procedures are addition polymerization, especially radical polymerization, and by functionalizing polymer backbone through polymer-analogous reactions.…”