In vitroscreening for anti-acetylcholiesterase, anti-oxidant, anti-glucosidase, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effect of three traditional medicinal plants

Abstract

In this study we investigated the phytoconstituents Calluna vulgaris, Ferula hermonis and Tribulus terrestris, and then assessed their possible biological activities by using standard methods. A preliminary phytochemical investigation of the three extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, lipids, phenolic compounds, saponins, sterols and amino acids. Three extracts showed anti-oxidant effect as they inhibited the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) oxidation and production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Moreover, three extracts showed anti-acetylcholiesterase (AChE) and this effect was concentration dependent. C. vulgaris was the most potent inhibitor of AChE. Furthermore, the three plant extracts had an inhibitory effect toward α-glucosidase. The inhibitory effect was concentration dependent and the most potent inhibitor for α-glucosidase was the extract from T. terrestris. Calluna vulgaris showed anti-inflammatory effect at tested concentrations while the other two extracts exhibited this effect only at concentration of 25 μg/mL. Finally, C. vulgaris had a significant effect against pathogenic bacteria (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Erwinia sp., Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in comparison to other extracts from Ferula sp., or Tribulus sp. In conclusion, all tested extracts could be promising sources for the treatment of diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, infectious diseases and oxidative stress related disorders because they are rich in phenols and flavonoids that give anti-oxidant molecules and produce an inhibitory effect against the tested enzymes.

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“…This theory was supported by Deole YS et al, 2011 51 . They claimed that the anti-depressant and anxiolytic activity of Rasayana Ghana Tablet in ayurved is due to presence of β carboline alkaloid of TT which is the main contributor among 3 medicinal plants of Rasayana Tablet.…”

Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and anti-tyrosinase activities of the various extracts ofFerula elaeochytrisandSideritis stricta

“…In previous reports, anti-AChE activities of the ethanolic extract of F. hermonis, the methanol extract of F. assafoetida, and the ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of F. lutea were studied, and all extracts showed low ability for inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. [37,41,50] There is no study about anti-BChE activity of the extracts from Ferula species, so this the first study about anti-BChE activity.…”

“…Up to this time, antioxidant properties of various extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, methanol, and ethanol) obtained from Ferula species (F. assafoetida, F. szowitsiana, F. microcolea, F. lutea, and F. hermonis) were investigated using different methods such as DPPH free and ABTS cation radical scavenging and metal chelating assays. [37][38][39][40][41] According to literature, generally the methanol extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity. The results are comparable to those of earlier studies.…”

Phytochemical study of <i>Tribulus Terrestris</i> L.

“…В 2016 году ученые из Ирана показали, что этанольный экстракт якорцев эффективно снижал уровень глюкозы, по сравнению с плацебо у женщин больных диабетом 2 типа [27]. Механизм гипогликемического действия, по всей видимости, связан с ингибированием активности α-глюкозидазы в тонком кишечнике [28,29]. Так же был найден легкий ингибирующий α-амилазу эффект [28].…”