<i>In vitro</i> studies of adventitious shoot formation in <i>Pinus contorta</i>

Arnold, Sara von; Eriksson, Tage

doi:10.1139/b81-121

Cited by 278 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The positive effect of activated charcoal on shoots has also been found by many other workers (Mehra-Palta et al, 1978;Von Arnold and Eriksson, 1981;David et al, 1982). The unexpected bud formation on BIMI free of growth regulators (table I) was concluded to be an after-effect of foliar spraying on mother plants (Scaltsoyiannes, 1988).…”

Section: Rooting Of Shootssupporting

confidence: 68%

Micropropagation of the pine hybrid Pinus brutia (Ten) × Pinus halepensis (Mill) by culturing fascicle shoots

et al. 1994

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Summary — Fascicle shoots proved to be an ideal plant material for micropropagation of the pine hybrid P brutia (Ten) x P halepensis (Mill). This could be possibly attributed to their morphological and physiological state. Induced fascicle shoots of 4-yr-old seedlings were used as explants. Their induction was achieved by spraying once with the new herbicide Arsenal (1 000 mg I -1 ). First, explants were elongated in vitro on LP medium and then transferred to the multiplication stage. Multiplication was accomplished by decapitating, quick-dipping in 0.22 mM BA and inoculating the explants on BIMI medium. On the induced first-generation shoots the same procedure was applied, in order to obtain second-generation shoots and then these were proceeded to the rooting and acclimatization stages. In particular, when microcuttings were pretreated with 2.46 μM IBA + 2.7 μM NAA + 0.65% agar w/v + 1.5% sucrose w/v for 7 d and then transferred to greenhouse conditions, a good root system was developed within an 8-12-week period. A large variation in rootability was noted between clones. The above method may be proved to be efficient for clones that exhibit high rooting ability.

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Section: Rooting Of Shootssupporting

confidence: 68%

Micropropagation of the pine hybrid Pinus brutia (Ten) × Pinus halepensis (Mill) by culturing fascicle shoots

et al. 1994

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“…Seeds were sterilized in 20% (v/v) commercial bleach for 20 min and rinsed three times with sterile water. Dissected embryos were placed on induction (von Arnold and Eriksson [AE]) medium (von Arnold and Eriksson, 1981) containing 10 mol L Ϫ1 2,4-D, 5 mol L Ϫ1 N 6 -benzyladenine, 5% (w/v) Suc, and 0.8% (w/v) Bacto-agar, pH 5.8 (DIFCO Laboratories, Detroit). The stock culture was maintained in the dark at 26°C for 4 to 5 weeks.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Polyethylene Glycol on Gene Expression of Developing White Spruce Somatic Embryos

et al. 2003

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Somatic embryogenic cultures of white spruce (Picea glauca) represent a valuable system to study molecular mechanisms regulating embryo development because many embryos of defined developmental stages can be generated. The inclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the maturation medium can improve the number and quality of embryos produced. To learn more about the mechanism of action of PEG, we analyzed transcript profiles of stage-specific embryos matured without (control) or with (PEG treated) PEG. RNA extracted from maturing spruce embryos was analyzed on DNA microarrays containing 2,178 cDNAs from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda). The efficiency of heterologous hybridization between spruce and pine species on microarrays has been documented previously (L. van Zyl, S. von Arnold, P. Bozhkov, Y. Chen, U. Egertsdotter, J. MacKay, R. Sederoff, J. Shen, L. Zelena, D. Clapham [2002] Comp Funct Genomics 3: 306-318). Several pine genes, including the apparent homologs to the Arabidopsis genes ZWILLE, FIDDLEHEAD, FUSCA, and SCARECROW, increased in expression after PEG treatments. These genes are known to be involved in the formation of the embryo body plan and in the control of the shoot and root apical meristems. The increased transcript levels of these genes in immature PEG-treated embryos suggest that PEG may improve the quality of spruce somatic embryos by promoting normal differentiation of the embryonic shoot and root. Changes in the transcript levels of many genes involved in sucrose catabolism and nitrogen assimilation and utilization were also observed between control and PEG-treated embryos.Embryogenesis is a critical stage of the plant life cycle because it establishes the basic body plan. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate the process (Harada, 1999). This paucity of information is partially because of the location of the embryos, which are embedded within the maternal tissue and are difficult to dissect. The generation of embryos in culture through somatic embryogenesis has become a model system for investigating factors that affect embryo growth. Somatic embryogenesis provides a large number of embryos at defined stages of development, and allows alterations of the embryonic environment through manipulations of the culture conditions. White spruce (Picea glauca) is an economically important species in North America, utilized for pulpwood and lumber production (Hosie, 1979). Regeneration of this species via somatic embryogenesis (Hakman and Fowke, 1987;Lu and Thorpe, 1987) has represented a means of propagation and a model system for conducting physiological and biochemical studies (for review, see Stasolla et al., 2002). Generation of white spruce somatic embryos is commonly achieved by transferring embryogenic tissue onto an abscisic acid (ABA)-containing maturation medium (Lu and Thorpe, 1987). Although such embryos may appear "morphologically" mature, they do not perform well during postembryonic growth without the imposition of a drying period. Improvement of embryo quality can ...

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“…The seeds were then disinfested in a flow cabinet with 2.0% (v/v ) NaOCl for 20 min, followed by three rinses with sterile water. Afterwards, zygotic embryos were excised from seeds and inoculated in test tubes (22×150 mm) containing 10 mL of LPm culture medium (von Arnold and Eriksson 1981), supplemented with Morel vitamins (Morel and Wetmore 1951), glutamic acid (8 mM), 2,4-dichlophenoxiacetic acid (2,4-D; 20 μM), maltose (3%; w/v), and Difco™ agar (0.7%; w/v). The pH of the culture medium was adjusted to 5.8 prior to autoclaving at 121°C, 120 kPa for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of physiological and biochemical changes during somatic embryogenesis of Acca sellowiana

Cangahuala-Inocente

Silveira

Caprestano

et al. 2013

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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Feijoa (Acca sellowiana [O. Berg] Burret [Myrtaceae]) is a native fruit species of southern Brazil and northern Uruguay. This species is amenable to somatic embryogenesis and therefore suitable as a model system for comparative studies of zygotic and somatic embryo development. In seed plants, embryogenesis involves three main steps, which are regulated by many factors, such as hormones, proteins, polyamines, and transcription factors. In the present work, the dynamics of protein, sugar, starch, amino acid, and polyamine accumulation were assayed during somatic embryogenesis of A. sellowiana . Protein, starch, amino acid, and polyamine levels accumulated unevenly during the induction phase of somatic embryogenesis, while the sugar content remained stable. Throughout the different developmental stages of somatic embryogenesis, synthesis and accumulation of proteins and amino acids showed patterns similar to those reported previously during the development of zygotic embryos of this same species. Differential patterns of polyamine accumulation were observed. This is important because these compounds affect the synthesis of other endogenous growth regulators, such as auxinindole-3-acetic acid that is mainly involved in the establishment of embryo polarity. Taken together, the present work brings new insights to the physiological and biochemical dynamics that occur during somatic embryogenesis of A. sellowiana.

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In vitro studies of adventitious shoot formation in Pinus contorta

Cited by 278 publications

References 7 publications

Micropropagation of the pine hybrid Pinus brutia (Ten) × Pinus halepensis (Mill) by culturing fascicle shoots

Micropropagation of the pine hybrid Pinus brutia (Ten) × Pinus halepensis (Mill) by culturing fascicle shoots

The Effects of Polyethylene Glycol on Gene Expression of Developing White Spruce Somatic Embryos

Dynamics of physiological and biochemical changes during somatic embryogenesis of Acca sellowiana

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