<i>In-vivo</i> biotransformation of citrus functional components and their effects on health

Karn, Abhisek; Zhao, Chengying; Yang, Fenghuan; Cui, Jiefen; Gao, Zili; Wang, Minqi; Wang, Fengzhong; Xiao, Hang; Zheng, Jinkai

doi:10.1080/10408398.2020.1746234

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…Part of them is secreted into the bile, performing the enterohepatic cycle, which increases the residence time and the effect of these compounds. Hepatic metabolites of NOB and TAN reach the bloodstream and peripheral tissues, and finally, they are eliminated by the urinary system or feces [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diets containing plenty of fruits and vegetables may meet those demands, but dietary supplements can be designed to offer a variety of antioxidants in ample amounts. Antioxidants extracted from citrus fruits, such as vitamin C, carotenoids, flavanones (hesperidin and naringenin), and polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), such as nobiletin (NOB) and tangeretin (TAN), can be used as nutraceuticals to benefit health [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats

Rodrigues

Gonçalves

Baeta

et al. 2021

Food Science and Engineering

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Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have been associated with increased antioxidant activity in animal models. The effects of tangeretin (TAN) and nobiletin (NOB) on antioxidant activity in the blood and liver of rats were evaluated. Groups of rats were treated with 200 mg/kg bw/day of TAN or NOB, or placebo, for 15 days. Parental compounds and their metabolites were assessed in the liver by chromatographic analysis, in addition to α-tocopherol and retinol in the blood serum. Both TAN and NOB supplements were able to reduce malonaldehyde (MDA) in the rat’s blood by 22% and 18%, respectively, but only NOB increased redox reaction by 3%. Blood levels of retinol and α-tocopherol increased under TAN by 59% and 20%, respectively, but were not affected by NOB. Eight NOB metabolites were detected in the liver, but only two TAN metabolites were identified in low concentration. In conclusion, NOB improved antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation, while increased levels of retinol and α-tocopherol after TAN supplement may have contributed to decreased blood lipid peroxidation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats

Rodrigues

Gonçalves

Baeta

et al. 2021

Food Science and Engineering

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“…Citrus fruits are a rich source of biocomponents including flavonoids, dietary fibers (DFs), essential oils (EOs), synephrines, limonoids, and carotenoids. These functional components are well-known health-promoting agents, with reported activity against cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory conditions, viral infections, and cancer diseases [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Among the most representative bioactives, flavanones are the most abundant polyphenols present with reported biological activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Chemical Characterization, and Impact on Cell Viability of Food Wastes Derived from Southern Italy Autochthonous Citrus Fruits

et al. 2022

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Citrus fruits are one of the principal fruits used to produce juices. Over the years, these fruits have been recognized as new health-promoting agents. In this work, food wastes derived from autochthonous citrus fruits of Southern Italy, named Limone di Rocca Imperiale, Arancia Rossa Moro, and Arancia Bionda Tardivo from Trebisacce, were analyzed. After fresh-squeezing juice, peel and pomace were employed to obtain six different extracts using an ultrasound-assisted method in a hydroalcoholic solvent. The extracts were analyzed in terms of qualitative composition, antioxidant properties, and antiproliferative activity on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and BJ-hTERT cell lines. GC-MS and LC-ESI-MS analyses showed different compounds: of note, limonin-hexoside, neodiosmin, obacunone glucoside, and diacetyl nomilinic acid glucoside have been identified as limonoid structures present in all the samples, in addition to different polyphenols including naringenin-glucoside, hesperetin-O-hexoside-O-rhamnoside-O-glucoside, diferuloyl-glucaric acid ester, chlorogenic acid, and the presence of fatty acids such as palmitic, myristic, and linoleic acids. These extracts were able to exert antioxidant activity as demonstrated by DPPH and ABTS assays and, although at higher doses, to reduce the cell viability of different solid tumor cell lines, as shown in MTT assays.

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“…Studies by Tsuda and colleagues revealed the treatment of human adipocytes with anthocyanins resulted in the modulation of gene expression of adipocytokines, suggesting anthocyanins may play a role in regulating adipocyte function [ 8 , 9 ]. Therefore, recent studies demonstrated the anti-obesity effect and the healthy properties of many polyphenolic compounds including anthocyanins present in citrus fruit [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. The “Moro” orange cultivar Citrus sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae) is native to Sicily and cultivated only in a restricted area at the feet of the south side of Etna volcano (Protected Geographical Indication, PGI), it is the most highly pigmented and with the higher amount of anthocyanins among red oranges varieties [ 15 , 16 , 17 ], with deep red violet flesh ripening from December to February.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of “Moro” Blood Orange Citrus sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae) Standardized Extract on Weight Loss in Overweight but Otherwise Healthy Men and Women—A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

Briskey

Malfa

Rao³

2022

Nutrients

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This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a blood orange Citrus sinensis standardized extract from “Moro” cultivar, on weight loss in overweight but otherwise healthy individuals. Anthocyanins and particularly cyanidin 3-glucoside, found in a large variety of fruits including Sicilian blood oranges, can help to counteract weight gain and to reduce body fat accumulation through the modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and metabolic pathways. In this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study, all participants (overweight adults aged 20–65 years old) were randomized to receive either Moro blood orange standardized extract or a placebo daily for 6-months. The primary outcome measure was change in body mass and body composition at the end of the study. After 6-months, body mass (4.2% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.015), body mass index (p = 0.019), hip (3.4 cm vs. 2.0 cm, p = 0.049) and waist (3.9 cm vs. 1.7 cm, p = 0.017) circumferences, fat mass (p = 0.012) and fat distribution (visceral and subcutaneous fat p = 0.018 and 0.006, respectively) were all significantly better in the extract supplemented group compared to the placebo (p < 0.05). In addition, all safety markers of liver toxicity were within the normal range throughout the study for both analyzed groups. Concluding, the present study demonstrates that Moro blood orange standardized extract may be a safe and effective option for helping with weight loss when used in conjunction with diet and exercise.

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In-vivo biotransformation of citrus functional components and their effects on health

Cited by 46 publications

References 184 publications

Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats

Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Chemical Characterization, and Impact on Cell Viability of Food Wastes Derived from Southern Italy Autochthonous Citrus Fruits

Effectiveness of “Moro” Blood Orange Citrus sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae) Standardized Extract on Weight Loss in Overweight but Otherwise Healthy Men and Women—A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

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