<i>In vivo</i> effects of macrolides on thyroid hormone serum levels and on hepatic type 1 5‘‐deiodinase in rat. A comparative study with amiodarone, phenobarbital and propranolol

Perret, G; Yin, Y L; Nicolas, Patrick; Vassy, Roger; Uzzan, Bernard; Louchahi, M

doi:10.1111/j.1472-8206.1991.tb00747.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Antiepileptic drugs such as phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine increase hepatic metabolism of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. In addition to amiodarone propylthiouracil, macrolides, and unselective beta-adrenergic blockers inhibit the activity of type 1 deiodinase (374), while sorafenib is able to increase D3 activity (375). …”

Section: Non-homeostatic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming

Hoermann²,

et al. 2017

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The hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid feedback control is a dynamic, adaptive system. In situations of illness and deprivation of energy representing type 1 allostasis, the stress response operates to alter both its set point and peripheral transfer parameters. In contrast, type 2 allostatic load, typically effective in psychosocial stress, pregnancy, metabolic syndrome, and adaptation to cold, produces a nearly opposite phenotype of predictive plasticity. The non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) or thyroid allostasis in critical illness, tumors, uremia, and starvation (TACITUS), commonly observed in hospitalized patients, displays a historically well-studied pattern of allostatic thyroid response. This is characterized by decreased total and free thyroid hormone concentrations and varying levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ranging from decreased (in severe cases) to normal or even elevated (mainly in the recovery phase) TSH concentrations. An acute versus chronic stage (wasting syndrome) of TACITUS can be discerned. The two types differ in molecular mechanisms and prognosis. The acute adaptation of thyroid hormone metabolism to critical illness may prove beneficial to the organism, whereas the far more complex molecular alterations associated with chronic illness frequently lead to allostatic overload. The latter is associated with poor outcome, independently of the underlying disease. Adaptive responses of thyroid homeostasis extend to alterations in thyroid hormone concentrations during fetal life, periods of weight gain or loss, thermoregulation, physical exercise, and psychiatric diseases. The various forms of thyroid allostasis pose serious problems in differential diagnosis of thyroid disease. This review article provides an overview of physiological mechanisms as well as major diagnostic and therapeutic implications of thyroid allostasis under a variety of developmental and straining conditions.

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Section: Non-homeostatic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming

Hoermann²,

et al. 2017

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“…Vomiting and inappetence may be reduced or resolved by choosing enteric‐coated formulations or the estolate rather than the stereate form, by administering it with food or by giving an antiemetic drug for the first 2 or 3 days 12 . Recently it has been reported that erythromycin is able to decrease serum thyroxin (T 4 ) levels in rats 13 and, although this has not yet been determined for the canine or feline species, this should be kept in mind when assessing thyroid status in animals concurrently treated with this antibiotic.…”

Section: Clinical Indications and Contraindications In Veterinary Dermentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrolides and lincosamides

Noli¹,

Boothe

1999

Veterinary Dermatology

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Macrolides and lincosamides are first choice bacteriostatic antibiotics used in veterinary dermatology. The main antibiotics in these classes are erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin and tylosin. They are well absorbed if given orally and are able to penetrate well into infected skin. Their spectrum of action comprises bacteria commonly associated with skin infections, including staphylococci. Their main disadvantages are the rapid development of bacterial resistance and occasional gastroenteric upset, most often seen with erythromycin. More recently developed macrolides, such as azithromycin and clarithomycin, are bactericidal, have a larger spectrum of action, a longer endurance, less resistance and may be given once a day instead of two or three times daily.

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“…Numerous experiments have confirmed decreases in D1 mRNA expression or activity in tissues (e.g. thyroid and liver) of iodine excess-treated animals ( 32 – 35 ) . Few experiments have focused on the influence of excess iodine intake on activity and/or mRNA expression of D2 in the pituitary, which plays a critical role in the negative feedback of TSH ( 36 , 37 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prolonged high iodine intake is associated with inhibition of type 2 deiodinase activity in pituitary and elevation of serum thyrotropin levels

Jiang

Shan

et al. 2011

Br J Nutr

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Our previous epidemiological study indicated that excessive intake of iodine could potentially lead to hypothyroidism. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the time and dose effect of iodine intake on serum thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) levels and to explore the non-autoimmune regulation of serum TSH by pituitary type 2 deiodinase (D2). A total of 360 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups depending on administered iodine dosages (folds of physiological dose): normal iodine (NI), 3-fold iodine (3HI), 6-fold iodine (6HI), 10-fold iodine (10HI) and 50-fold iodine (50HI). At 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after administration of sodium iodide, blood was collected for serum TSH measurement by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Pituitaries were also excised for measurement of TSHb subunit expression, D2 expression and activity, monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) and thyroid hormone receptor b2 isoform (TRb2) levels. The results showed that iodine intake of 10HI and 50HI significantly increased pituitary and serum TSH levels from 8 to 24 weeks (P, 0·05 v. NI). Excess iodine had no effect on D2 mRNA or protein expression; however, 10HI and 50HI administration significantly inhibited pituitary D2 activities from 8 to 24 weeks (P, 0·05 v. NI). Iodine had no effect on MCT8 or TRb2 protein levels. We conclude that prolonged high iodine intake inhibits pituitary D2 activity and induces elevation of serum TSH levels. These findings may provide a potential mechanism of iodine excess-induced overt and subclinical hypothyroidism.

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In vivo effects of macrolides on thyroid hormone serum levels and on hepatic type 1 5‘‐deiodinase in rat. A comparative study with amiodarone, phenobarbital and propranolol

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming

Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming

Macrolides and lincosamides

Prolonged high iodine intake is associated with inhibition of type 2 deiodinase activity in pituitary and elevation of serum thyrotropin levels

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