<i>In vivo</i>modulatory effects of chitooligosaccharide nanoparticles on mouse serum cytokines and splenocytes

Lin, Yow-Jian; Wu, Ming‐Fang; Takamori, Yoshimori; Okamoto, Yoshiharu; Minami, Saburo

doi:10.1080/17458080.2012.733078

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…8,9 Although in a study by Minami et al, chitooligosaccharide nanoparticles have been reported to elicit a better immune response compared to the chitooligosaccharides per se. 10 Nevertheless, the mechanism of action for chitosan nanoparticle (CSNP) and its oligosaccharide has been poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory role of chitosan‐based nanoparticles and oligosaccharides in cyclophosphamide‐treated mice

Mudgal

Kinra

et al. 2019

Scand J Immunol

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Chitosan, the deacetylated form of chitin, a natural polysaccharide, is known for its various biomedical applications. The present study aimed at exploring the immunomodulatory properties of chitosan (CSNP) and gallic acid‐grafted chitosan (cGANP) nanoparticles in mice model of cyclophosphamide (CPA)‐induced immunosuppression. In addition, chitooligosaccharides, the hydrolysed form of chitin and chitosan, were also evaluated for its potential against immunosuppression in mice. CPA (80 mg/kg/ip) induced significant immunosuppression, which was reversed with cGANP treatment as indicated by a significant increase in the thymus and spleen indices compared to the CPA‐treated group. The CSNP and chitooligosaccharides (chitin and chitosan) failed to reverse CPA‐induced changes. ELISA revealed an elevation in the levels of IL‐6 and a reduction in IFN‐γ levels with CPA treatment. All the test compounds reduced the IL‐6 levels, whereas only the nanoparticle formulations (CSNP and cGANP) exhibited a significant augmentation in the IFN‐γ levels. Both the cytokines, IL‐6 and IFN‐γ, are secreted separately by two different types of T helper cells (Th cells), which mediate cellular and humoral immune responses in a coordinated manner. Th‐1 cells release IFN‐γ, facilitating cell‐mediated immunity, whereas IL‐6 is released by Th‐2 cells, expediting humoral immune response. The nanoparticles (CSNP and cGANP) seemed to be better immune enhancers than the chitooligosaccharides owing to their ability to reverse the cytokine changes induced by CPA. Overall, it was evident that the nanoparticles, most likely, boosted the cell‐mediated immunity through the induction of the Th‐1 branch of the immune response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory role of chitosan‐based nanoparticles and oligosaccharides in cyclophosphamide‐treated mice

Mudgal

Kinra

et al. 2019

Scand J Immunol

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“…COS reduced OGT-related NF- κ B O-GlcNAcylation and so inhibited LPS-mediated inflammation of the vascular endothelia [60]. Polar chitosan formulation based on nanoparticles CMC-COS NP and SC-COS NP was produced by the development of complexes of polyelectrolyte [61]. Injection of CMC-COS NP and SC-COS NP changed Th cytokine content in blood and induced the differentiation of lymphocytes in spleen in vivo , approving their ability to control cell-induced immune reactions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides

Marmouzi

Ezzat

Salama

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Chemical structures derived from marine foods are highly diverse and pharmacologically promising. In particular, chitooligosaccharides (COS) present a safe pharmacokinetic profile and a great source of new bioactive polymers. This review describes the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties of COS from recent publications. Thus, COS constitute an effective agent against oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammatory pathogenesis. The mechanisms of action and targeted therapeutic pathways of COS are summarized and discussed. COS may act as antioxidants via their radical scavenging activity and by decreasing oxidative stress markers. The mechanism of COS antidiabetic effect is characterized by an acceleration of pancreatic islets proliferation, an increase in insulin secretion and sensitivity, a reduction of postprandial glucose, and an improvement of glucose uptake. COS upregulate the GLUT2 and inhibit digestive enzyme and glucose transporters. Furthermore, they resulted in reduction of gluconeogenesis and promotion of glucose conversion. On the other hand, the COS decrease inflammatory mediators, suppress the activation of NF-κB, increase the phosphorylation of kinase, and stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes. Overall, this review brings evidence from experimental data about protective effect of COS.

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Disease Preventing Bioactivities of Chitooligosaccharides: Current Status and Future Trends

Sinha¹,

Tripathi

2022

Chitooligosaccharides

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In vivomodulatory effects of chitooligosaccharide nanoparticles on mouse serum cytokines and splenocytes

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Immunomodulatory role of chitosan‐based nanoparticles and oligosaccharides in cyclophosphamide‐treated mice

Immunomodulatory role of chitosan‐based nanoparticles and oligosaccharides in cyclophosphamide‐treated mice

Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides

Disease Preventing Bioactivities of Chitooligosaccharides: Current Status and Future Trends

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