Lactobacillus‐fermented milk products attenuate bone loss in an experimental rat model of ovariectomy‐induced post‐menopausal primary osteoporosis

Abstract

Aim In this study, we investigated the anti‐osteoporotic effect of two fermented milk products (FMPs) fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum A41 and Lactobacillus fermentum SRK414 on a rat model of ovariectomy‐induced post‐menopausal primary osteoporosis. Methods and Results The two Lactobacillus FMPs increased the bone volume and bone mineral density (BMD) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and normalized the bone biomarkers in the serum. Additionally, they altered the gene expression levels of bone‐metabolism‐related markers. Furthermore, the two Lactobacillus FMPs downregulated bone‐apoptosis‐related genes stimulated by ovariectomy. Interestingly, the Lactobacillus FMPs decreased the levels of inflammation markers in the serum, bone, ileum and colon of the rats. Gut bacterial populations were also affected upon FMP treatment due to increase in the abundance of the genus Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Conclusions Milk products fermented by L. plantarum A41 and L. fermentum SRK414 can exhibit anti‐osteoporotic effects on post‐menopausal osteoporosis via regulating the expression of bone‐metabolism‐related markers. Significance and Impact of the Study The two Lactobacillus FMPs used in the study can be an ideal method that has its potential of treating post‐menopausal osteoporosis instead of drug treatments.

Anti-Osteoporotic Effect of Lactobacillus brevis AR281 in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model Mediated by Inhibition of Osteoclast Differentiation

“…Zhou and colleagues reported that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) prevented excessive bone resorption by inhibiting the expression of IL-17 and RANKL in bone marrow [48]. Kim and colleagues showed that Lactobacillus-fermented milk alleviated bone loss by reducing the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1 [49]. Similar to our results, AR281 exhibited Data Availability Statement: RAW264.7 cell line was obtained from BeNa Culture Collection (No.…”

Glucocorticoid-induced loss of beneficial gut bacterial extracellular vesicles is associated with the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis

“…A clinical trial has determined the bone-protective effects of L. reuteri 6475 in older women with low bone mass ( 45 ). The intake of milk products fermented by L. plantarum A41, Lactobacillus fermentum SRK414, Lactobacillus paracasei NTU 101, or L. plantarum NTU 102 also increases bone mass in OVX rats ( 46 , 47 ). However, there are no reports on the role of Lactobacillus species in the maintenance of bone homeostasis in the femoral head.…”

New Advances in Improving Bone Health Based on Specific Gut Microbiota

“…After excluding differences related to BMI and medications, the study suggested an adverse effect of Lactobacillus on osteoporosis (Das et al, 2019). In contrast, part of Lactobacillus belonging to this genera, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-653, and Lactobacillus reuteri et al, were thought to positively regulate bone health (Dar et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2021;Jhong et al, 2022). Britton et al showed that Lactobacillus reuteri suppressed ovariectomyinduced increases in bone marrow CD4+ T lymphocytes and inhibited estrogen deficiency-induced bone resorption and bone loss (Britton et al, 2014).A study using a mouse model with gut microbial dysbiosis after antibiotic treatment found that Lactobacillus reuteri prevented osteoblastopenia and increased osteoclast activity, thereby preventing trabecular bone loss in the femur and spine and exerting a positive skeletal effect.…”

“…After excluding differences related to BMI and medications, the study suggested an adverse effect of Lactobacillus on osteoporosis ( Das et al., 2019 ). In contrast, part of Lactobacillus belonging to this genera, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-653, and Lactobacillus reuteri et al, were thought to positively regulate bone health ( Dar et al., 2018 ; Lee et al., 2021 ; Jhong et al., 2022 ). Britton et al.…”