<i>Larix</i> during the Mid‐Pleniglacial (Greenland Interstadial 8) on Kotelny Island, northern Siberia

Geel, B. van; Протопопов, А. В.; Protopopova, V. V.; Pavlov, Innokenti; Plicht, Johannes van der; Reenen, G.B.A. van

doi:10.1111/bor.12216

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As Larix pollen is generally under-represented in pollen records due to low pollen productivity and low pollen dispersal capacity [ 37 , 96 ], even a single pollen grain is usually accepted as evidence for the local to regional presence of Larix [ 97 ]. Further evidence, that Larix has the potential to grow at such high latitudes and even farther north was provided recently [ 98 ] by Larix wood from Kotelny Island (New Siberian Archipelago) dated to ~38 kyr BP (MIS 3 interstadial). However, in the corresponding time-slice of core L14-02 no Larix sequences were detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History of Tree and Shrub Taxa on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) since the Last Interglacial Uncovered by Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Pollen Data

Zimmermann

Raschke

Epp

et al. 2017

Genes

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Ecosystem boundaries, such as the Arctic-Boreal treeline, are strongly coupled with climate and were spatially highly dynamic during past glacial-interglacial cycles. Only a few studies cover vegetation changes since the last interglacial, as most of the former landscapes are inundated and difficult to access. Using pollen analysis and sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) metabarcoding, we reveal vegetation changes on Bol’shoy Lyakhovsky Island since the last interglacial from permafrost sediments. Last interglacial samples depict high levels of floral diversity with the presence of trees (Larix, Picea, Populus) and shrubs (Alnus, Betula, Ribes, Cornus, Saliceae) on the currently treeless island. After the Last Glacial Maximum, Larix re-colonised the island but disappeared along with most shrub taxa. This was probably caused by Holocene sea-level rise, which led to increased oceanic conditions on the island. Additionally, we applied two newly developed larch-specific chloroplast markers to evaluate their potential for tracking past population dynamics from environmental samples. The novel markers were successfully re-sequenced and exhibited two variants of each marker in last interglacial samples. SedaDNA can track vegetation changes as well as genetic changes across geographic space through time and can improve our understanding of past processes that shape modern patterns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The History of Tree and Shrub Taxa on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) since the Last Interglacial Uncovered by Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Pollen Data

Zimmermann

Raschke

Epp

et al. 2017

Genes

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“…Moreover, in northern Siberia or Canada, there are various lines of evidences (macro-remains, charcoal, DNA, pollen) that trees grew in a periglacial environment just before (e.g. Zazula et al, 2006;B elanger et al, 2014;van Geel et al, 2017), during (Willerslev et al, 2014) or just after the LGM (e.g. Tarasov et al, 2009;Zimmermann et al, 2017).…”

Section: Mountain Tree Refugia and Glacial Firesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial refugia in the south‐western Alps?

Carcaillet

Blarquez

2019

New Phytologist

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“…Indeed, subfossils supported by environmental DNA have demonstrated that trees have survived the LGM in Scandinavia (Kullman, 2008;Parducci et al, 2012) or in Alaska (Brubaker, Anderson, Edwards, & Lozhkin, 2005;Edwards, Armbruster, & Elias, 2014), and grew in periglacial steppes of the upper Pleistocene in central Canada (B elanger, Carcaillet, Padbury, Harvey-Schafer, & Van Rees, 2014) or northern Siberia (van Geel et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Keep your feet warm? A cryptic refugium of trees linked to a geothermal spring in an ocean of glaciers

Carcaillet

Latil²,

Abou

et al. 2018

Global Change Biology

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Up to now, the most widely accepted idea of the periglacial environment is that of treeless ecosystems such as the arctic or the alpine tundra, also called the tabula rasa paradigm. However, several palaeoecological studies have recently challenged this idea, that is, treeless environments in periglacial areas where all organisms would have been exterminated near the glacier formed during the Last Glacial Maximum, notably in the Scandinavian mountains. In the Alps, the issue of glacial refugia of trees remains unanswered. Advances in glacier reconstructions show that ice domes did not cover all upper massifs, but glaciers filled valleys. Here, we used fossils of plant and malacofauna from a travertine formation located in a high mountain region to demonstrate that trees (Pinus, Betula) grew with grasses during the Lateglacial-Holocene transition, while the glacier fronts were 200-300 m lower. The geothermal travertine started to accumulate more than 14,500 years ago, but became progressively more meteogene about 11,500 years ago due to a change in groundwater circulation. With trees, land snails (gastropods) associated to woody or open habitats and aquatic mollusc were also present at the onset of the current interglacial, namely the Holocene. The geothermal spring, due to warm water and soil, probably favoured woody glacial ecosystems. This new finding of early tree growth, combined with other scattered proofs of the tree presence before 11,000 years ago in the western Alps, changes our view of the tree distribution in periglacial environments, supporting the notion of tree refugia on nunataks in an ocean of glaciers. Therefore, the tabula rasa paradigm must be revisited because it has important consequences on the global changes, including postglacial plant migrations and biogeochemical cycles.

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Larix during the Mid‐Pleniglacial (Greenland Interstadial 8) on Kotelny Island, northern Siberia

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

The History of Tree and Shrub Taxa on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) since the Last Interglacial Uncovered by Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Pollen Data

The History of Tree and Shrub Taxa on Bol'shoy Lyakhovsky Island (New Siberian Archipelago) since the Last Interglacial Uncovered by Sedimentary Ancient DNA and Pollen Data

Glacial refugia in the south‐western Alps?

Keep your feet warm? A cryptic refugium of trees linked to a geothermal spring in an ocean of glaciers

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