“…Being male and being female have meant different things for persons of different ethnicities, and masculinity and femininity have been performed in different ways in different cultures. Although there is older research on this subject, and there is growing research with a global focus (Acosta-Alzuru, 2003;Halevi, 2003;Parameswaran, 1999;Rapoo, 2002;Rodriguez, 2001;Suzuki, 2000), in our sample there was little sustained attention to the implications of cultural variability in gender for experimental research using sex as a variable, and little in the way of new operationalizations of these concepts to take account of cultural variability (see, however, Bayard & Krishnayya, 2001;Bradford, Buck, & Meyers, 2001;Mulac, Bradac, & Gibbons, 2001;Whaley, Nicotera, & Samter, 1998). Researchers studying sex or gender as a variable in communication studies have made exciting advances and face additional challenges, not the least of which is communicating the new, more sophisticated results indicating the complexities involved in sex/gender studies to their nonfeminist colleagues.…”