<i>Malassezia</i> otitis unresponsive to primary care: outcome in 59 dogs

Boone, Johann M.; Bond, R.; Loeffler, Anette; Ferguson, Ewan; Hendricks, Anke

doi:10.1111/vde.12995

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A mixed infection also was seen frequently, as reported in other studies 32,35,36 . Labrador and Golden retrievers were the most common breeds in this study, as seen in other studies 24,30,35,36 This is not surprising because OE is a frequent clinical sign of atopic dermatitis and both breeds are predisposed to this disease 37,38 . It has been shown that allergies are one of the most common skin complaints in small animal practice in Germany and our findings correspond to this 39…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of hypochlorous acid as an ear flush in dogs with chronic otitis externa

Mueller

Baumann

Boehm

et al. 2022

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background Chronic otitis externa (OE) in dogs frequently requires anaesthetised ear flushing. Objectives To evaluate hypochlorous acid as an ear flushing and antimicrobial agent in dogs with chronic OE. Animals Twenty dogs with chronic OE caused by the same organisms bilaterally. Materials and Methods One ear was flushed under anaesthesia with hypochlorous acid, the other with saline solution. Subsequently, the ear flushed with hypochlorous acid was cleaned with the same solution twice daily for 2 weeks, the other ear with a commercial ear cleaner. An ear medication containing miconazole, polymyxin B and prednisolone was used once daily in both ears. Clinical scores were determined before the flush. Ear cytological results were obtained, a hearing test was conducted before and after the ear flush, and a culture was taken directly after flushing. Ears were evaluated after 2 weeks of therapy. Results Yeast was present in the ears of 11, cocci in one and a mixed infection in eight dogs. Five ears were negative on culture after flushing with hypochlorous acid, one after the saline flush. Clinical and cytological scores decreased significantly with both solutions after 2 weeks of treatment. There was no difference between treatments in any of the scores at any time point between treatments and in the results of the hearing test before and after the flushing procedure. Adverse effects were not seen. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Hypochlorous acid is a suitable cleaning solution for canine OE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of hypochlorous acid as an ear flush in dogs with chronic otitis externa

Mueller

Baumann

Boehm

et al. 2022

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…The frequency of infection as sole causative agent is reported between 8% and 26% [ 4 , 5 ]. Some dogs appear to develop an allergic response to Malassezia spp., leading to significant discomfort and pruritus [ 1 ] and, when not properly treated the affection can evolve in otitis media, as well [ 6 ]. Therefore, an effective therapy, together with the correction of predisposing factors and concurrent diseases, is mandatory to prevent relapses [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Satureja montana and Their Mixture against Clinical Isolates Responsible for Canine Otitis Externa

Ebani

Pieracci

Cagnoli

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Otitis externa is a frequent inflammation among dogs, mainly caused by bacteria and yeasts that are often resistant to conventional drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of commercial essential oils (EOs) from Origanum vulgare, Satureja montana, and Thymus vulgaris, as well as a mixture of these three components, against 47 clinical bacterial strains (Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens) and 5 Malassezia pachydermatis strains, previously cultured from the ears of dogs affected by otitis externa. The tested Gram-positive bacteria were sensible to the analysed EOs with MICs ranging from 1.25% (v/v) to <0.0195% (v/v); Gram-negative isolates, mainly P. aeruginosa, were less sensitive with MICs from >10% (v/v) to 0.039% (v/v). M. pachydermatis isolates were sensitive to all EOs with MICs from 4.25% (v/v) to 2% (v/v). However, the mixture was active against all bacterial (except one P. aeruginosa strain) and fungal tested isolates. The three EOs and their mixture seem to be an interesting alternative for treating canine otitis externa when conventional antimicrobials are not active.

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“…However, yeast has also been associated with middle ear disease and identified in 23.7% of cases with otitis media [14]. More recently, Malassezia otitis media was diagnosed in 17% of cases of chronic Malassezia otitis by otoscopy and sampling of middle ear content in 14 cases [15]. There was evidence of soft tissue attenuation material in the tympanic bulla on CT imaging in 4 of those cases [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, Malassezia otitis media was diagnosed in 17% of cases of chronic Malassezia otitis by otoscopy and sampling of middle ear content in 14 cases [15]. There was evidence of soft tissue attenuation material in the tympanic bulla on CT imaging in 4 of those cases [15]. In reflection, myringotomy, imaging, fungal culture and microbiome studies could have brought more information about lesion extension and the mycobiota of the SMO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot study of dogs with suppurative and non-suppurative Malassezia otitis: A case series

Rodrigues

Vandenabeele

2021

BMC Vet Res

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Background Rarely, Malassezia otitis presents as a painful, erosive otitis with an otic discharge containing Malassezia and neutrophils on cytology. There are no published reports of this type of suppurative Malassezia otitis (SMO). The role of Malassezia hypersensitivity in otitis is still unknown, and no association has been demonstrated with SMO. We compared Malassezia IgE levels, intradermal test and histology changes in SMO dogs with the more conventional Malassezia otitis (MO) presentation. Results Three dogs (case 1, case 2 and case 3) were diagnosed with SMO, one dog (case 4) was diagnosed with unilateral MO and unilateral SMO, and one dog (case 5) was diagnosed with MO. Only one case (case 4) with SMO/MO had a positive Intradermal Allergy Test (IDAT) and elevated IgE levels for Malassezia. Histopathology findings from SMO revealed: interface dermatitis (case 1 and 3), lymphocytic dermatitis (case 2) and chronic hyperplastic eosinophilic and lymphoplasmacytic dermatitis (case 4). Histopathology findings from MO showed perivascular dermatitis (case 4 and 5). All the cases were treated successfully. Conclusions SMO presents with a distinct clinical phenotype in comparison with conventional MO. No consistent aetiology could be isolated. In these clinical cases it is possible that previous treatments could have influenced the results. More research is needed to understand the possible aetiologies and the pathogenesis of SMO.

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Malassezia otitis unresponsive to primary care: outcome in 59 dogs

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of hypochlorous acid as an ear flush in dogs with chronic otitis externa

Evaluation of hypochlorous acid as an ear flush in dogs with chronic otitis externa

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Satureja montana and Their Mixture against Clinical Isolates Responsible for Canine Otitis Externa

Pilot study of dogs with suppurative and non-suppurative Malassezia otitis: A case series

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