<i>OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals</i> (<i>Mammals, Birds and Bees</i>) 5th Edn. Volumes 1 &amp; 2. World Organization for Animal Health 2004. ISBN 92 9044 622 6. €140.

Stear, M. J.

doi:10.1017/s0031182005007699

Cited by 85 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…Mucosal vaccination can evoke both systemic and mucosal immune responses, at most secretory IgA antibodies, at the same portal of entry of most infectious pathogens. Fortifying mucosal response by a vaccine is an effective way of targeting the pathogen before occurence of infection (Stear, 2005). The conjunctiva, part of the eye mucosa and mucosal barrier are possible routes for mucosal vaccines since they are exposed to the external environment and have equal proportions of dendritic cells (DCs) and mast cells in the lamina propria together with B and T cells in the epithelium (Box et al, 1970;McFerran & McCracken, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral infection caused by the strains of avian paramyxovirus serotype-1 (AMPV-1) from the family Paramyxoviridae, subfamily Paramyxovirinae, in the genus Avulavirus (Mayo, 2002;Stear, 2005). Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infects approximately 236 species of domestic avian species (chicken, turkey, goose, duck, and pigeon), pet and freeliving birds (Kaleta & Baldauf, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Turkey humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a Newcastle viscerotropic vaccine and its association with major histocompatibility complex.

Al-Karagoly¹,

Nikbakht²,

Hassanzadeh³

et al. 2019

BJVM

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Al-Karagoly, H., G. Nikbakht, M. Hassanzadeh & T. Tolouei, 2019. Turkey humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a Newcastle viscerotropic vaccine and its association with major histocompatibility complex. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 22, No 1,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Immune responses to vaccines are mainly influenced by the nature of vaccines and host variation in response to vaccination. In this study we aimed to investigate turkey humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a Newcastle viscerotropic vaccine and its association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Turkeys were vaccinated with Villegas-Glisson/University of Georgia (VG/GA) attenuated vaccine against Newcastle disease. The stimulation index of lymphocyte proliferation and antigen-specific local secretory IgA responses in bile, duodenum, ileum, as well as serum IgY and IgA responses were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The turkey MHC class II B locus was selected as candidate gene for detection of associations with cellular and humoral immune responses. Significant differences were observed between both cellular and humoral responses of vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. A significant positive correlation was also found between ND specific IgY and ND specific IgA titres in serum, intestine (duodenum and ileum) and trachea. Moreover, the correlation between specific IgA titres in ileum and specific bile, duodenum and trachea was positively significant. High resolution melting analysis (HRM) was used to genotype MHC class II B exon 2. Eight melting profiles (A-G) were identified, among which, profile G showed a significant association with cellular response. The profile B revealed significant association with total IgA titres in serum and ileum. These findings help our understanding of the association of turkey MHC types with immune responses. Further correlation analysis between serum and mucosal antibody titres demonstrated that the levels of IgY and IgA in serum can give an impression about the levels of secretory IgA and situation of mucosal immunity. Based on the significant effects, ND specific IgY in serum appears to be a promising indirect marker for specific IgA in serum and trachea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turkey humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a Newcastle viscerotropic vaccine and its association with major histocompatibility complex.

Al-Karagoly¹,

Nikbakht²,

Hassanzadeh³

et al. 2019

BJVM

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“…With mild disinfectants, infected animals can be treated topically and some broad-spectrum antibiotics can also be used parentally such as tetracycline [26]. However, the treatment of secondary bacterial infection and proper animal husbandry practices is recommended in endemic countries [9,19]. Control and prevention FMD required good preventive measures at the national and international level.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recovered animal take a long time to cover their poor physical condition [9]. An outbreak of FMDV, there is rapid transmission within and between populations because in Vivo replication cycle of the virus is short (4-6 h) and acute onset of shedding (1-3 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on foot and mouth disease in dairy animals, etiology, pathogenesis and clinical findings

Azeem¹

2020

PAB

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious disease of angulated animals and in livestock, it is an important pathogen more than 120 years after it was recognized. The virus of this disease belong to a genus Aphthovirus of the family picornaviridae and present as seven serotypes C, O, A, SAT1, SAT2, SAT3, and Asia1. Transmission of this disease occurs by direct and indirect contact, ingestion and by aerosols. The best multiplication sites of this virus are oral cavity, udder, heart, feet, and oro-pharynx. Specific, sensitive and quick diagnostic tools are required for effective control of this disease. FMD causes fever, salivation, anorexia and vesicular eruption on teats, feet, and mouth. In FMDV (Foot and Mouth disease Virus) endemic areas, annual production losses and vaccination estimated US$6.5-US$21 billion. Currently, the techniques which are used for diagnosis of FMD are Sandwich-ELISA (S-ELISA), Virus Isolation (VI), indirect ELISA (DIVA), real time-PCR and Liquid-Phase Blocking ELISA (LPBE) can be used for recognition of antibody against nonstructural proteins. The techniques which are used for quick and specific detection of FMDV are microarray and recombinant antigen-based detection, biosensor, Nucleotide sequencing, phage display and nucleic-acid-based diagnostic for serotyping. This review provides information about the FMD in Pakistan as many cases are reported in Pakistan and lead to morbidity and mortality of many animals. This review helps the reader to handle the cases practically in the field and helps the researchers to analyze the comprehensive picture of the FMD and in future researchers try to minimize such cases after reading this in Pakistan.

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“…Existing ASFV detection methods recommended by World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) rely on virus isolation, antigen measurement by fluorescent antibody tests (FAT), or viral genome detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 9,10 . Although virus isolation is the gold standard to diagnose ASFV, this timeconsuming and complicated procedure is not applicable for real-time monitoring diseases 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of African swine fever virus using Cas12a-based portable paper diagnostics

Chen

et al. 2020

Cell Discov

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African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a dsDNA virus responsible for a severe, highly contagious, and lethal disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs. ASFV has brought enormous economic loss to a number of countries, and effective vaccine and therapy are still lacking. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive, and field-deployable detection of ASFV is important for disease surveillance and control. Herein, we developed a Cas12a-mediated portable paper assay to rapidly and precisely detect ASFV. We identified a robust set of crRNAs that recognized the highly conserved region of essential ASFV genes. The Cas12a-mediated detection assay showed low tolerance for mismatch mutations, and no cross-reactivity against other common swine pathogens. We further developed a paper-based assay to allow instrument-free detection of ASFV. Specifically, we applied gold nanoparticle-antibody conjugate to engineer homemade strips and combined it with Cas12a-mediated ASFV detection. This portable paper, instrument-free diagnostics, faithfully detected ASFV in swine samples, showing comparable sensitivity to the traditionally instrumentdependent qPCR method. Taking together, we developed a highly sensitive, instant, and economic Cas12a-mediated paper diagnostics of ASFV, with a great application potential for monitoring ASFV in the field.

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OIE Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (Mammals, Birds and Bees) 5th Edn. Volumes 1 & 2. World Organization for Animal Health 2004. ISBN 92 9044 622 6. €140.

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

Turkey humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a Newcastle viscerotropic vaccine and its association with major histocompatibility complex.

Turkey humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a Newcastle viscerotropic vaccine and its association with major histocompatibility complex.

A review on foot and mouth disease in dairy animals, etiology, pathogenesis and clinical findings

Rapid detection of African swine fever virus using Cas12a-based portable paper diagnostics

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