P‐Chlorophenol Wastewater Treatment by Microwave‐Enhanced Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation

Abstract

A microwave-enhanced catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (MW-CWPO) technology was investigated to treat a high concentration of p-chlorophenol wastewater under a mild condition. The MW-CWPO experiments were carried out in a microwave autoclave using copper(II) oxide (CuO)-loaded active carbon as a catalyst. The p-chlorophenol was directly ring-opened within 5 minutes at 343 K and 0.3 MPa and then mineralized to carbon dioxide and water. More than 90% of the total organic carbon was removed within 15 minutes. The reaction activation energy (E a ) of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) decomposition was decreased from 47.7 to 43.1 kJ/mol under microwave irradiation. The H 2 O 2 catalytic decomposition was fitted to a second-order reaction under microwave irradiation, while it followed a first-order reaction without microwave irradiation. The experimental results indicate that the MW-CWPO method has significant potential applications for a high concentration of pchlorophenol wastewater. Water Environ. Res., 82, 120 (2010).

Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol by Microwave-Enhanced Advanced Oxidation Processes: Kinetics and Influential Process Parameters

“…However, because the 4-CP degradation products were not measured, this does not provide any information about where in the chemical reaction route this dechlorination takes place, whether it is the first step or an intermediate step in the degradation. Dechlorination during this process was also reported by Zhao et al [7]. The last two vectors, pH end and CH2O2,E seem to be correlated with each other (situated close to each other) which indicates that a change in H2O2 concentration influences the final pH.…”

“…Substituted aromatics, such as 4-CP, usually undergo addition reactions to the aromatic ring structure or reaction with the ring substituents [6]. Zhao et al [7] proposed the degradation mechanism of 4-CP in a microwave-enhanced catalytic H 2 O 2 oxidation process. The degradation products were proposed to be formed after the attack of *OH on 4-CP, resulting in a direct, ring-opening reaction.…”

Rapid nonylphenol degradation in wastewater sludge using microwave peroxide oxidation with nitric acid

“…A lot of articles about AOPs have been published [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. However, there is still a lack of information on AOP performance with real wastes for these previous researches so far.…”

Degradation of Chlorobenzene with Microwave-Aided Zerovalent Iron Particles

“…The MW absorbed by a solution causes thermal effect to reduce the activation energy and weaken the chemical bonds of the organic compounds (Zhang et al, 2007;Zhao et al, 2010). Selecting an appropriate medium to absorb the MW energy in order to integrate MW treatment technology has been studied by researchers in various technological and scientific fields, because MW irradiation is known to enhance various reaction kinetics owing to its rapid and homogeneous heating (Park et al, 2000;Menéndez et al, 2002;Takashima et al, 2008).…”

“…Selecting an appropriate medium to absorb the MW energy in order to integrate MW treatment technology has been studied by researchers in various technological and scientific fields, because MW irradiation is known to enhance various reaction kinetics owing to its rapid and homogeneous heating (Park et al, 2000;Menéndez et al, 2002;Takashima et al, 2008). For example, using MW energy-absorbing media with various absorption capacities, for example, granular activated carbon, ZVI, copper, and selected catalysts, has been studied for treating aqueous pentachlorophenol (Liu et al, 2004;Jou, 2008;Jou and Wu, 2008;Lee et al, 2009b), chlorobenzene (CB) (Lee et al, 2009aJou et al, 2010), and P-Chlorophenol (Zhao et al, 2010) or improving the reaction rate of TiO 2 photocatalyst ( Jou et al, 2008;Mishra et al, 2010) in order to save energy consumption and improve treatment efficiency (Liu et al, 2004).…”