<i>Pneumocystis jiroveci</i> pneumonia (PJP) in non-HIV immunocompromised individuals

Schoovaerts, Kathleen; Dirix, Luc; Rutten, Annemie; Schaeren, J. Van; Herendael, Bruno Van; Grieken, Sofie Van; Heytens, L.

doi:10.1080/17843286.2017.1305136

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“… 9 10 The most important predisposing factor for developing PJP is the use of steroids, even at a low dose (equivalent to ≥20 mg/day prednisone for ≥1 month). 11 12 ATS guidelines recommend prophylaxis when prednisone doses exceed 20 mg/day for longer than 1 month.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumocystis in metastatic lung cancer, a pragmatic approach in support of prophylaxis

et al. 2021

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Lung cancer prognosis has improved in the last decade, including in patients with brain metastasis. However, few of these patients who receive corticosteroids have a primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). We report the case of an 80-year-old man diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and concomitant symptomatic brain metastases, treated with 50 mg/day of prednisolone without any prophylaxis, who presented an acute PJP. After 72 hours of unsuccessful treatment of PJP, the patient died. In our review of this case and the existing literature, we emphasise the importance of a wide use of prophylaxis for PJP, especially in advanced lung cancer treated with corticosteroid therapy. We discuss this issue and report current evidence for primary prophylaxis by trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumocystis in metastatic lung cancer, a pragmatic approach in support of prophylaxis

et al. 2021

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“…Infections caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii are a common complication in immunocompromised patients; the individual risk depends on the underlying disease and treatment regimen [123][124][125][126]. Trials on PcP in HIV-uninfected cancer patients are sparse, but several risk factors for development of PcP have been identified [127,128].…”

Section: Indication For Pneumocystis Jirovecii Prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary prophylaxis of bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors: 2020 updated guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (AGIHO/DGHO)

et al. 2021

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Hematologic and oncologic patients with chemo- or immunotherapy-related immunosuppression are at substantial risk for bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PcP). As bacterial resistances are increasing worldwide and new research reshapes our understanding of the interactions between the human host and bacterial commensals, administration of antibacterial prophylaxis has become a matter of discussion. This guideline constitutes an update of the 2013 published guideline of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO). It gives an overview about current strategies for antibacterial prophylaxis in cancer patients while taking into account the impact of antibacterial prophylaxis on the human microbiome and resistance development. Current literature published from January 2012 to August 2020 was searched and evidence-based recommendations were developed by an expert panel. All recommendations were discussed and approved in a consensus conference of the AGIHO prior to publication. As a result, we present a comprehensive update and extension of our guideline for antibacterial and PcP prophylaxis in cancer patients.

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“…Given the variety of clinical situations and the low incidence of PJP in patients with solid tumors, few multicenter studies enrolled more than 30 patients with solid tumors and PJP [ 1 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. PJP is difficult to predict.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients with Solid Malignancies: A Retrospective Study in Two Hospitals

Jeon

Kim

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a rare opportunistic infection in patients with solid malignancies. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of patients with solid cancers and PJP. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with solid tumors and PJP over an 11-year period, enrolling a total of 47 patients (30-day survival group: n = 20, 30-day mortality group: n = 27). Only 34% of patients received ≥20 mg of prednisolone for ≥2 weeks, and the 30-day mortality rate was 57.4%. The 30-day survival group included more women and patients with colon cancer than the mortality group. Furthermore, absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) were decreased at PJP symptom onset, as compared with the values observed 1–3 months earlier. Increased oxygen demand and low ALCs after 5–7 days of PJP treatment were also related to poor prognosis. Due to the limitations of this retrospective study, further studies that adhere to the PJP criteria of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium will be needed to evaluate PJP in solid malignancies more clearly.

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Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) in non-HIV immunocompromised individuals

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Pneumocystis in metastatic lung cancer, a pragmatic approach in support of prophylaxis

Pneumocystis in metastatic lung cancer, a pragmatic approach in support of prophylaxis

Primary prophylaxis of bacterial infections and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors: 2020 updated guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (AGIHO/DGHO)

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients with Solid Malignancies: A Retrospective Study in Two Hospitals

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