Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Polysaccharide Alleviates Fatigue by Modulating Osteocalcin-Mediated Crosstalk between Bones and Muscles

Abstract

Osteocalcin was reported to regulate muscle energy metabolism, thus fighting fatigue during exercise. The current work aimed to investigate the anti-fatigue effect and the underlying mechanism of a homogeneous polysaccharide (PCPY-1) from Polgonatum cyrtonema after structure characterization. In the exhaustive swimming mouse model and the co-culture system of BMSCs/C2C12 cells, PCPY-1 significantly stimulated BMSC differentiation into osteoblasts as determined by ALP activity, matrix mineralization, and the protein expressions of osteogenic markers BMP-2, phosphor-Smad1, RUNX2, and osteocalcin. Meanwhile, PCPY-1 remarkably enhanced myoblast energy metabolism by upregulating osteocalcin release and GPRC6A protein expression; the phosphorylation levels of CREB and HSL; the mRNA levels of GLUT4, CD36, FATP1, and CPT1B; and ATP production in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, PCPY-1 exhibited good anti-fatigue capacity in mice as confirmed by fatigue-related indicators. Our findings indicated PCPY-1 could enhance osteocalcin-mediated communication between bones and muscles, which was conducive to muscle energy metabolism and ATP generation, thus alleviating fatigue in exhausted swimming mice.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Nutritional Properties of Different Germplasms of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

“…However, polysaccharides are the only component specified in the pharmacopoeia [ 1 ]. Huangjing polysaccharides lower blood sugar and blood lipid contents, show antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities, relieve fatigue and aging, improve immunity, and regulate the intestinal microbial community [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. With the aging of the population and the shift in dietary needs from eating well to eating nutritiously and healthily, Polygonatum has gained attention due to its numerous health advantages.…”

Effective separation of protein from Polygonatum cyrtonema crude polysaccharide utilizing ionic liquid tetrabutylammonium bromide

“…The polysaccharide extracted from Gracilaria rubra and Ginkgo biloba exhibited immunostimulating and antioxidant activities ( Di et al, 2017 ; Ren et al, 2019 ), while the polysaccharide extracted from Astragalus was reported to possess anti-diabetic activity and improve cognitive dysfunction by altering the gut microbiota in a rodent model ( L et al, 2019 ). In particular, the polysaccharide extracted from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua demonstrated anti-fatigue effects by regulating the osteocalcin signaling pathway and modulating osteocalcin-mediated crosstalk-linking muscles and bones ( Shen et al, 2021 ; Li et al, 2023 ).…”

Identification Markers Responsible for Differentially Processed Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Quadruple-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…P. cyrtonema has high medicinal and nutritional value due to its diverse array of chemical constituents, such as flavonoids [3], triterpenoid saponins [4], alkaloids, lignin, amino acids, quinones, vitamins, and polysaccharides [5]. Polysaccharides [6] and oligosaccharides [7] are the main bioactive constituents according to the published researches. Numerous pharmacological studies have identified various biological activities of this plant, including antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibiotic, and hypoglycemic activities [8][9][10].…”