Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides regulate functions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells were functionally different following exposure to P. gingivalis LPS at the investigated concentrations. These findings suggest that MSC-mediated periodontal regeneration may be regulated by P. gingivalis LPS.

Ecological Balance of Oral Microbiota Is Required to Maintain Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homeostasis

“…This study shows that oral administration of antibiotics increases LPS release in oral mucosa which results in delayed palatal wound healing and inhibited gingival MSCs proliferation. Previous studies have found the role of LPS in gingiva derived cells proliferation; however, conflicting conclusions have been addressed . This is correlated with the concentration of LPS, that is, LPS at high concentrations (usually ≥10 μg/ml) generally results in reduced cell proliferation capacity; however, LPS at low concentration (usually <10 μg/ml) induces enhanced cell proliferation .…”

“…Previous studies have found the role of LPS in gingiva derived cells proliferation; however, conflicting conclusions have been addressed . This is correlated with the concentration of LPS, that is, LPS at high concentrations (usually ≥10 μg/ml) generally results in reduced cell proliferation capacity; however, LPS at low concentration (usually <10 μg/ml) induces enhanced cell proliferation . These data suggest that low concentration of LPS is necessary to maintain cells viability, whereas high dose of LPS exerts toxic effect to cells.…”

Mesenchymal stem cells and infectious diseases: Smarter than drugs

“…This hints that the timing of MSC therapy might be critical in infectious settings. MSCs might have significant antibacterial responses if they are injected early in the course of an infection or as a preventative measure, but might be less useful when they are administered in a more advanced inflammatory setting with higher microbial burden [30].…”

Oral Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: The Immunomodulatory Masters

“…Ec-LPS enhanced the proliferation rate of BM-MSCs at 1 μg/ml but not at 10 μg/ml [34]. Also, BM-MSCs' attributes were demonstrated to be affected by different Pg-LPS concentrations, with an increase in proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties observed at 0.1 μg/ml but a decrease or even apoptosis occurring at 10 μg/ml [33]. Interestingly, compared to GMSCs from healthy tissues, the proliferation rate of GMSCs from inflamed tissues was enhanced [35].…”

“…Multiple investigations exploring the impact of the inflammatory microenvironment on oral MSCs' properties addressed their proliferation potential, migration and homing, multilineage differentiation, and inflammatory cytokines production [3]. Yet, results remain quite controversial, depending on the origins of MSCs under investigation, the variation and concentration of the inflammatory stimuli, and the experimental setup [31][32][33]. Regarding MSCs' proliferation, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (Ec-LPS) inhibited the proliferation of DPSCs significantly at a concentration of 10 μg/ml, while promoted it at 0.1 μg/ml and exerted no influence at the tipping concentration of 1 μg/ml [32], in a dose-dependent pattern.…”