<i>Quantitative MRI of the brain: measuring changes caused by disease</i>. By P Tofts, pp. xvi+633, 2003 (John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd, Chichester, UK) £175.00 ISBN 0-470-84721-2

Jackson, A

doi:10.1259/bjr.78.925.780087a

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“…Quantitative diffusion imaging along z-direction by evaluating the ADC may spare major information to ascertain arterial microstructure properties or changes in case of pathological tissue remodeling. Moreover, ADC depends on subject’s orientation relative to the magnetic field gradients introducing errors like scan-rescan variations or possible confound comparisons between individuals [23]. In contrast, DTI allows overcoming these issues by determining rotationally invariant parameters (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo cardiovascular magnetic resonance of 2D vessel wall diffusion anisotropy in carotid arteries

Opriessnig

Mangge

Stollberger

et al. 2016

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

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BackgroundDiffusion weighted (DW) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has shown great potential to discriminate between healthy and diseased vessel tissue by evaluating the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) along the arterial axis. Recently, ex vivo studies on porcine arteries utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed a circumferential fiber orientation rather than an organization in axial direction, suggesting dominant diffusion perpendicular to the slice direction. In the present study, we propose a method to access tangential and radial diffusion of carotids in vivo by utilizing a pulse sequence that enables high resolution DW imaging in combination with a two-dimensional (2D) diffusion gradient direction sampling scheme perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the artery.MethodsHigh resolution DTI of 12 healthy male volunteers (age: 25–60 years) was performed on one selected axial slice using a read-out segmented EPI (rs-EPI) sequence on a 3T MR scanner.ResultsIt was found consistently for all 12 volunteers, that the tangential component as the principle direction of diffusion. Mean vessel wall fractional anisotropy (FA) values ranged from 0.7 for the youngest to 0.56 for the oldest participant. Linear regression analysis between the FA values and volunteers age revealed a highly significant (P < 0.01) linear relationship with an adjusted R2 of 0.52. In addition, a linear trend (P < 0.1) could be observed between radial diffusivity (RD) and age.ConclusionThese results point to FA being a sensitive parameter able to capture changes in the vascular architecture with age. In detail, the data demonstrate a decrease in FA with advancing age indicating possible alterations of tissue microstructural integrity. Moreover, analyzing 2D diffusion tensor directions is sufficient and applicable in a clinical setup concerning the overall scan time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%