Rhizoglomus dalpeae, R. maiae, and R. silesianum, new species

New Glomeromycotan Taxa, Dominikia glomerocarpica sp. nov. and Epigeocarpum crypticum gen. nov. et sp. nov. From Brazil, and Silvaspora gen. nov. From New Caledonia

“…The sequence resolution of the rpb1 gene is higher and indicating that R. irregulare likely contains at least one cryptic species (Stockinger et al, 2014) and strongly confirming the uniqueness of R. dunense with a dissimilarity of 8.1% from R. clarum. According to literature data and our analyses, 18S-ITS-28S and rpb1 sequences show interspecies differences when they differ by ≥3% and approximately 1%, respectively (Krüger et al, 2012;Stockinger et al, 2014;Błaszkowski et al, 2019b;Corazon-Guivin et al, 2019b). The large proportion of species provided with molecular data contained in the two markers allows both to compare a relatively large number of species and to better define the phylogenetic divergences between species belonging to different higher taxonomic ranks.…”

“…Three sequence alignments were created in order (i) to determine the position of the new Dominikia sp. among its generic relatives, (ii) to assess the robustness of the relationship of the second new species with K. bistrata, and (iii) to test the hypothesis expressed previously (Błaszkowski et al, 2019b) and here that R. neocaledonicum should represent a new genus. The first alignment consisted The position of primers is given based on sequence of Rhizoglomus intraradices HG316020.1.…”

“…The rpb1 sequences of Rhizoglomus dalpeae were obtained by amplification with primers designed by Stockinger et al (2014) following the recommended conditions. We used the same DNA, from which 18S-ITS-28S sequences had been obtained (Błaszkowski et al, 2019b). The first PCR with DNA of this species was performed with the primers RPB1-DR160mix (a, b, c, d) and RPB1-HS2680GPr, whereas the second PCR with RPB1-HS189GPf and RPB1-DR1210r.…”

“…However, they did not include S. sinuosa in their analyses. Further phylogenetic analyses of 18S-ITS-28S sequences of all Rhizoglomus species with available DNA barcodes and representatives of the other genera of the Glomeraceae accommodated R. neocaledonicum between the recently described monospecific genus Halonatospora, represented by Halonatospora pansihalos, and S. sinuosa, of which the latter was located basally to the other species of Rhizoglomus (Błaszkowski et al, 2018b(Błaszkowski et al, , 2019b. Thus, the information presented above suggested that the New Caledonian fungus does not belong to Rhizoglomus but represents a new clade at the rank of genus in the Glomeraceae.…”

New scientific discoveries: Plants and fungi

“…Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) from the phylum Glomeromycota are essential mutualists of about 90% of all plant species, yet they lack complex spore‐bearing structures and are typically found as hyphae within roots or as large, colorful spores in soil. Recent discoveries in AM fungi include species from extreme environments such as exposed, rocky hills on the African savannah and Polish coal mine spoil heaps, where these species can endure an almost complete lack of nutrients and temperatures exceeding 50°C (Blaszkowski et al, 2019, Figure 4a).…”