De novo characterization of the Dialeurodes citri transcriptome: mining genes involved in stress resistance and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) discovery

Abstract

The citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead), is one of the three economically important whitefly species that infest citrus plants around the world; however, limited genetic research has been focused on D. citri, partly because of lack of genomic resources. In this study, we performed de novo assembly of a transcriptome using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). In total, 36,766 unigenes with a mean length of 497 bp were identified. Of these unigenes, we identified 17,788 matched known proteins in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, as determined by Blast search, with 5731, 4850 and 14,441 unigenes assigned to clusters of orthologous groups (COG), gene ontology (GO), and SwissProt, respectively. In total, 7507 unigenes were assigned to 308 known pathways. In-depth analysis of the data showed that 117 unigenes were identified as potentially involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and 67 heat shock protein (Hsp) genes were associated with environmental stress. In addition, these enzymes were searched against the GO and COG database, and the results showed that the three major detoxification enzymes and Hsps were classified into 18 and 3, 6, and 8 annotations, respectively. In addition, 149 simple sequence repeats were detected. The results facilitate the investigation of molecular resistance mechanisms to insecticides and environmental stress, and contribute to molecular marker development. The findings greatly improve our genetic understanding of D. citri, and lay the foundation for future functional genomics studies on this species.

Transcriptome profiling of the testis reveals genes involved in spermatogenesis and marker discovery in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis

“…The inferred functions of 28.5% of the unigenes were not resolved. There were differences compared with the transcriptomes of B. dorsalis (Shen et al ., ; Zheng et al ., ), and other insects (Dou et al ., ; Wei et al ., ; Chen et al ., ); however, the results were similar to those of the transcriptome of the midgut of B. dorsalis (Shen et al ., ).…”

“…A total of 20 107 distinct sequences (65.89% of all the unigenes) matched known genes that encoded functional proteins, suggesting that the assembly quality was high. The percentage of unigenes matching known proteins was much higher than those reported in the whole body transcriptome of B. dorsalis (55.1%; Shen et al ., ), Bemisia tabaci (16.2%; Wang et al ., ), Nilaparvata lugens (40.0%; Bao et al ., ), Plutella xylostella (22.3%; He et al ., ), L. entomophila (61.6%; Wei et al ., ) and D. citri (44.8%; Chen et al ., ), as well as for the tissue transcriptome of testis and male accessory glands in D. variabilis (30.9%; Sonenshine et al ., ). Amongst the 30 516 unigenes, almost a third shared no significant similarities to known genes and may be novel/or fast‐evolving sequences.…”

Transcriptome Profiling Analysis of Wolf Spider Pardosa pseudoannulata (Araneae: Lycosidae) after Cadmium Exposure

“…Additionally, 41,716 (68.96%) were not annotated and may represent genes without detectable homologies. The number of annotated unigenes is lower than the results reported by other research groups for other invertebrate species [23,24], indicating that our knowledge of P. pseudoannulata genes is limited. Further research is needed to characterize these genes and explore their functions.…”

Detoxification enzymes associated with butene‐fipronil resistance in Epacromius coerulipes

“…Of these, the CYP4, CYP6 and CYP9 families have the largest number of genes. In a study of citrus whitefly, 17 P450s were found to belong to the CYP2, CYP3 and CYP4 families . Of 37 P450 transcripts from a B. tabaci population, most belonged to the CYP6 and CYP4 families .…”

“…The Delta family has the largest number of members, followed by the Sigma family. The largest family in the Trialeurodes vaporariorum transcriptome is Delta, but there are only three genes in the Delta family in the citrus whitefly . No Zeta and Epsilon family GSTs were found in Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae transcriptomes .…”