Staphylococcus aureusin early cystic fibrosis lung disease

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus: is a common bacterial organism infecting children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Emerging evidence suggests early lower airway infection with this organism in young children with CF results in the deterioration of lung function, poorer nutrition parameters and heightens the airway inflammatory response. Despite contributing significantly to the burden of early lung disease among this group, there are ongoing controversies in the management of S. aureus infection, and gaps in our understanding of exactly how this organism causes lung disease. To reduce the morbidity and mortality of early infection ongoing research is needed to: (i) understand the early host immune response that enables this pathogen to reside within the CF lung; (ii) determine if there are organism specific factors that are associated with CF lung disease; and (iii) clarify the utility of anti-staphylococcal antibiotic prophylaxis and/or eradication in the treatment of this patient population.

Progressive ventilation inhomogeneity in infants with cystic fibrosis after pulmonary infection

“…Such detriment may be attributed to the genetic diversity of H. influenzae, with some isolates from young children with CF proving to be strong biofilm producers [47]. In light of our findings, further studies would be helpful to determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis or the development of specific eradication protocols directed against the other pro-inflammatory pathogens such as H. influenzae and S. aureus [48] are worth pursuing in order to limit decline in lung function in early life. With the exception of P. aeruginosa, current protocols for the management of early CF would not necessarily lead to antibiotic or antifungal treatment after the detection of these pathogens, especially in asymptomatic individuals [49].…”

Pulmonary Delivery of Vancomycin Dry Powder Aerosol to Intubated Rabbits

“…3, 4 Importantly, VAP is associated with increased intensive care unit days, associated health care costs, and increased mortality in ventilated patients 5, 6 , with several of these pathogens having multi-drug resistance to antibiotic pharmacotherapy. 1 Vancomycin is the drug of choice for the treatment of bronchopneumonia due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-positive infections, 7 but it is only available in oral and intravenous formulations; the latter being utilized to treat pneumonia due to the extremely poor bioavailability of oral vancomycin.…”

Activity of antimicrobial peptides, alone or combined with conventional antibiotics, againstStaphylococcus aureusisolated from the airways of cystic fibrosis patients

“…1 Staphylococcus aureus is an early, common pathogen of CF patients. 2 Aside from other pathogens, also infections with S. aureus are linked to impaired function and structural damage of the lungs. 3,4 Pulmonary dysfunction still constitutes the major cause of mortality among CF patients.…”