<i>Taenia solium</i>Neurocysticercosis

Mamkin, Igor; Sood, Nitesh; Ramanan, Sundaram V.

doi:10.1056/nejmc070837

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Human cysticercosis in Nepalese people has been described since the early 1990s, mainly through reports of patients with neurocysticercosis (NCC) [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108], [109], [110], [111], ocular cysticercosis [112], [113], [114], [115], [116] and muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis [117], [118], [119], [120], [121], [122], [123], [124], [125]. Its public health impact however did not receive full attention until the 2000s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Parasitic Zoonoses in Nepal: A Systematic Review

et al. 2014

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BackgroundParasitic zoonoses (PZs) pose a significant but often neglected threat to public health, especially in developing countries. In order to obtain a better understanding of their health impact, summary measures of population health may be calculated, such as the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY). However, the data required to calculate such measures are often not readily available for these diseases, which may lead to a vicious circle of under-recognition and under-funding.MethodologyWe examined the burden of PZs in Nepal through a systematic review of online and offline data sources. PZs were classified qualitatively according to endemicity, and where possible a quantitative burden assessment was conducted in terms of the annual number of incident cases, deaths and DALYs.Principal FindingsBetween 2000 and 2012, the highest annual burden was imposed by neurocysticercosis and congenital toxoplasmosis (14,268 DALYs [95% Credibility Interval (CrI): 5450–27,694] and 9255 DALYs [95% CrI: 6135–13,292], respectively), followed by cystic echinococcosis (251 DALYs [95% CrI: 105–458]). Nepal is probably endemic for trichinellosis, toxocarosis, diphyllobothriosis, foodborne trematodosis, taeniosis, and zoonotic intestinal helminthic and protozoal infections, but insufficient data were available to quantify their health impact. Sporadic cases of alveolar echinococcosis, angiostrongylosis, capillariosis, dirofilariosis, gnathostomosis, sparganosis and cutaneous leishmaniosis may occur.Conclusions/SignificanceIn settings with limited surveillance capacity, it is possible to quantify the health impact of PZs and other neglected diseases, thereby interrupting the vicious circle of neglect. In Nepal, we found that several PZs are endemic and are imposing a significant burden to public health, higher than that of malaria, and comparable to that of HIV/AIDS. However, several critical data gaps remain. Enhanced surveillance for the endemic PZs identified in this study would enable additional burden estimates, and a more complete picture of the impact of these diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burden of Parasitic Zoonoses in Nepal: A Systematic Review

et al. 2014

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“…The usual organs that involved are subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles, lungs, brain, eyes, liver and heart. In our case, the patient enjoyed to eat uncooked animals from his childhood in Mongol and grew up in poor sanitation, water supply and personal hygiene 2,9,14) . Both of this environment and traditional food culture in Mongol might be the cause of the disseminated infection.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasite disease of the central nervous system 3,5,6,9,11,12,15) . However, disseminated cysticercosis is a very rare manifestation of the neurocysticercosis and fewer than 50 cases of disseminated cysticercosis have been reported in the world 2,7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Cysticercosis

Park

Kong

Kim

et al. 2011

J Korean Neurosurg Soc

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the mountain in Mongol where there were close contacts with animals, contaminated water, lack of sewage system and poor personal hygiene. He grew up and mostly lived in Mongol. He has migrated to Korea and it has been only 6months in Korea. His consciousness was alert and his appearance looked to be normal. There were no neurologic deficits seen on physical examinations.He was admitted to our hospital and investigated with routine hematology that showed normal complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were normal range. Human immunodeficiency virus-antibody test using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was negative. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) routine exam of spinal tapping revealed pleocytosis, predominant polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and acid fast bacilli stain and culture were negative. However, in ELISA investigation, serum and CSF parasite antibody immunoglobulin G for cysticercosis were positive. The electrocardiogram was normal sinus rhythm and three dimension echocardiography showed normal wall motion.The x-ray for the skull did not reveal abnormal appearance. Brain CT revealed multiple cystic lesions, which appeared as starry-night appearance, in the brain parenchyma (Fig. 1). Brain MRI showed numerous cystic lesions in the brain parenchyma and the lesions were also founded in temporalis muscle, around optic nerve and tongue (Fig. 2). On the spine MRI and whole body MRI, there were numerous cysticerci in subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscles and the other organs (Fig. 3, 4). Therefore, we thought that cysticerci were disseminated throughout the whole body.The open biopsies were taken from the brain. Incision was made on the skin and the temporalis muscle was exposed with a whitish yellow egg. After Fronto-temporal craniotomy, anoth- INTRODUCTIONNeurocysticercosis is the most common parasite disease of the central nervous system 3,5,6,9,11,12,15) . However, disseminated cysticercosis is a very rare manifestation of the neurocysticercosis and fewer than 50 cases of disseminated cysticercosis have been reported in the world 2,7). Government medical college in India mentioned that among 450 cases of cysticercosis, only one case of disseminated cysticercosis was seen in their study 2) . Also, we underwent several cases of the neurocyticercosis in our institution but this case of disseminated cysticercosis was the first time we had treated in Korea.Although, the regimen for the treatment of neurocysticercosis is reported, there is no therapeutic regimen for the disseminated cysticercosis established in Korea. CASE REPORTA 39-year-old young man from Mongol presented with generalized tonic-clonic seizures and headache. He had not taken antiepileptic drugs and any other medications before this seizure attack. He complained of a headache, not depend on time but any time throughout the day. He did not have any medical diseases or operation in the past. In his childhood, he enjoyed to eat uncooked pigs, yaks, cows and horses. Additionally, he grew up at J Korean Neurosurg Soc...

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“…Neurocysticercosis has become a serious public health concern, especially in developing countries where the prevalence rate reaches 4%. [1] Neurocysticercosisis caused by the larval form of the tapeworm Taenia solium grow in cerebral parenchyma, ventricles and subarachnoid space, and is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy. Therapeutic measures include surgery, symptomatic therapy and antihelminthic drugs such as albendazole and praziquantel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Good recovery of a patient with neurocysticercosis using two antihelminthic drugs combined with steroid

Li¹,

Wang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2016

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Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system. We present a case report of a neurocysticercosis patient with multiple cysts, who presented with new onset generalized tonic-clonic seizures. A 4-cycle treatment of 2 different antihelminthic drugs with dexamethasone and sodium valproate led to clinical improvement without any adverse reactions. The manifestations of neurocysticercosis are protean and the diagnosis should be considered whenever multiple cysts are seen on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The antihelminthic treatment of neurocysticercosis should be individualized, especially for patients with multiple cysts.

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Taenia soliumNeurocysticercosis

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

The Burden of Parasitic Zoonoses in Nepal: A Systematic Review

The Burden of Parasitic Zoonoses in Nepal: A Systematic Review

Disseminated Cysticercosis

Good recovery of a patient with neurocysticercosis using two antihelminthic drugs combined with steroid

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