<i>Thufur</i>and Turf Exfoliation in a Subalpine Grassland on Mt Halla, Jeju Island, Korea

Kim, Sang Woo

doi:10.1659/mrd.0890

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While the lowland areas on the island provided a glacial refugium for broad-leaved trees during the coldest periods, the high mountain areas were a postglacial refugium for subalpine coniferous forests during the warmest periods of the Holocene. A gradual isolation associated with postglacial transgression and sea-level rise [18] , and frequent summer typhoons and severe winters on Halla Volcano, preserved glacial floristic elements, including Abies subalpine forests and periglacial features such as thufur grassland vegetation on the top of Halla Volcano [24] . The present occurrence of several arctic-alpine species on Halla Volcano at the world's southernmost limit of their distribution (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant Diversity Changes during the Postglacial in East Asia: Insights from Forest Refugia on Halla Volcano, Jeju Island

et al. 2012

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Understanding how past climate changes affected biodiversity is a key issue in contemporary ecology and conservation biology. These diversity changes are, however, difficult to reconstruct from paleoecological sources alone, because macrofossil and pollen records do not provide complete information about species assemblages. Ecologists therefore use information from modern analogues of past communities in order to get a better understanding of past diversity changes. Here we compare plant diversity, species traits and environment between late-glacial Abies, early-Holocene Quercus, and mid-Holocene warm-temperate Carpinus forest refugia on Jeju Island, Korea in order to provide insights into postglacial changes associated with their replacement. Based on detailed study of relict communities, we propose that the late-glacial open-canopy conifer forests in southern part of Korean Peninsula were rich in vascular plants, in particular of heliophilous herbs, whose dramatic decline was caused by the early Holocene invasion of dwarf bamboo into the understory of Quercus forests, followed by mid-Holocene expansion of strongly shading trees such as maple and hornbeam. This diversity loss was partly compensated in the Carpinus forests by an increase in shade-tolerant evergreen trees, shrubs and lianas. However, the pool of these species is much smaller than that of light-demanding herbs, and hence the total species richness is lower, both locally and in the whole area of the Carpinus and Quercus forests. The strongly shading tree species dominating in the hornbeam forests have higher leaf tissue N and P concentrations and smaller leaf dry matter content, which enhances litter decomposition and nutrient cycling and in turn favored the selection of highly competitive species in the shrub layer. This further reduced available light and caused almost complete disappearance of understory herbs, including dwarf bamboo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The summer monsoon brings abundant moisture from the ocean and produces heavy rainfall. Precipitation rises from about 1500 mm in coastal areas to over 4000 mm in upland areas [24] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Diversity Changes during the Postglacial in East Asia: Insights from Forest Refugia on Halla Volcano, Jeju Island

et al. 2012

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“…Climate on the island is strongly affected by winter cold air masses from Siberia, and summer monsoons and tropical cyclones (typhoons) from the Pacific Ocean that bring abundant moisture and produce heavy rainfall. Precipitation ranges from about 1500 mm in coastal areas to more than 4000 mm in upland areas (Kim 2008). The mean annual temperature on the island (Jeju City meteorological station, 1945-2017) is 15.5°C, mean January temperature is 5.5°C, and mean August temperature is 26.6°C (for details, see Fig.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree growth response to recent warming of two endemic species in Northeast Asia

et al. 2020

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The impact of climatic change on forest ecosystems has received considerable attention, but our understanding of the modulation of this impact by elevational differences and by species interaction is still limited. Here, we analyse tree-ringbased growth-climate relationships for two dominant tree species along an 800-m elevational gradient on Jeju Island, South Korea. Both species, broadleaf Quercus mongolica (QUMO) and coniferous Abies koreana (ABKO), grow at the southern end of their distributional range and they have adjacent altitudinal ranges. We use static and moving bootstrapped correlation analysis to identify the effect of recent warming on their growth. QUMO is primarily positively influenced by moisture during the previous autumn at its upper elevational distribution. Recent warming, however, has diminished this relationship, while the enhancing impact of warm and dry summer conditions on QUMO growth has increased. These recent shifts in growth-climate relationship suggest an upward migration potential for QUMO due to warming-enhanced growth at higher elevations. ABKO growth, on the contrary, is primarily reduced by high winter and summer temperatures. This negative relationship has become more explicit in recent decades, particularly at lower elevations. At the highest elevation, however, ABKO growth-temperature relationship has consistently become more positive in the most recent decades. In the elevational zone where ABKO and QUMO co-exist, warming plays a primary role in ABKO growth reduction, while QUMO growth increases and thus induces a potential upward migration of QUMO. This combined effect can lead to population decline of ABKO. Our results significantly enhance our understanding of the impact of climate warming on two interacting species and provide information necessary for adaptation strategies to preserve declining ABKO populations.

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“…One is the Island of Hawaii (‘Hawaii Island’ hereafter), Hawaii, USA and the other is the Island of Jeju (‘Jeju Island’ hereafter), Korea (Figure 1). The biome structures of these two islands are well developed vertically, and temperature distribution is an important variable to understand their ecosystems (Vitousek, 2004; Kim, 2008). Hawaii Island is the largest and southernmost island of the Hawaiian archipelago (18°54′34″–20°16′05″N, 154°48′20″–156°03′40″W).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One is the Island of Hawaii ('Hawaii Island' hereafter), Hawaii, USA and the other is the Island of Jeju ('Jeju Island' hereafter), Korea ( Figure 1). The biome structures of these two islands are well developed vertically, and temperature distribution is an important variable to understand their ecosystems (Vitousek, 2004;Kim, 2008 , create a rain shadow on leeward slopes (west). As a result, precipitation of many areas on the dry side is below 500 mm/year, whereas it reaches more than 6000 mm/year on windward slopes (Nullet et al, 1995).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of satellite‐measured LST data into cokriging for temperature estimation on tropical and temperate islands

Park¹

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Cokriging, a multivariate geostatistical interpolation method, uses elevation information as a secondary variable to improve the prediction accuracy of air temperature in mountainous areas. Although the secondary variable plays an important role in cokriging, the performance of interpolation largely depends on the amount of input data. The purpose of this study was to improve air temperature estimation by merging hypertemporal Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer land surface temperature (LST) data and ground observations as interpolation data. Two significantly different island environments, tropical Hawaii Island (USA) and temperate Jeju Island (Korea), were selected for interpolation experiments. Spatiotemporal characteristics of air temperature prediction were compared between three cokriging methods and the conventional inverse-distance weighted interpolation. Due to the year-round trade winds, there was significant difference in prediction errors between windward and leeward slopes of Hawaii Island. LST-derived temperature was not regularly sampled from cloud-prone, windward slopes. As a result, prediction reliability was lower on windward slopes than leeward slopes, and overall prediction accuracy decreased in the wet season. Jeju Island is a mid-latitude volcanic island heavily influenced by the Asian monsoons. This climatic setting creates the seasonal variations of air temperature that is far greater than its spatial variations. The environmental lapse rate (ELR) of Jeju Island became much steeper in winter, and prediction accuracy and reliability were reduced due to an increase in the spatial variations of air temperature. With the addition of satellite-derived air temperature data, the root mean square errors of cokriging decreased by 27.3-52.9% for Hawaii Island and 34.6-37.6% for Jeju Island depending on cokriging models.

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Thufurand Turf Exfoliation in a Subalpine Grassland on Mt Halla, Jeju Island, Korea

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Plant Diversity Changes during the Postglacial in East Asia: Insights from Forest Refugia on Halla Volcano, Jeju Island

Plant Diversity Changes during the Postglacial in East Asia: Insights from Forest Refugia on Halla Volcano, Jeju Island

Tree growth response to recent warming of two endemic species in Northeast Asia

Integration of satellite‐measured LST data into cokriging for temperature estimation on tropical and temperate islands

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